I do not know how much this data is historically reliable, but in any way it brings closer cognition of where Jews came from in Poland, and what they did mainly (weak and drinking Poles, and taking over their wealth).
Indian
"Jews in Poland, by historical sources first Jews, which appeared on Polish lands, were merchants arriving here already in the 10th century. During the period of the XI-XVII century, the judaic population was coming to Poland before the persecutions from the West, creating the largest concentration of Jews in Europe - in the late 15th century there were 30 1000 of them, in the mediate of the 17th century already 350-500 thousand, and in the end of the Republic about 800 1000 (mainlyAshkenazi).
Their rights and obligations were determined by the ruling privileges, the most crucial of which was the Kaliski Statute Boleslaw the Pious (1264), confirmed by Casimir III the Great (1334, 1364, 1367) and successive rulers. Thanks to them, the Jews gained a position as a separate state. In addition to their safety and spiritual freedoms, they were granted the freedom to trade and financial and economical activities (interest-per-interest loans, rent of state fees, later moving a inn), as well as self-government. The basis of the second was kahal, i.e. the spiritual community, autonomous in matters of worship and education, to any degree besides the judiciary. In the 16th century there were temporary judaic seniorates general for Małopolska and Wielkopolska. 1580-1764 gathered, most frequently during fairs in Lublin or Jarosław, the alleged Waad (Polish name: the Sejm of the 4 Lands, and from 1623, after the separation of Lithuanian Jews - the Seym of the Jews of the Crown), bringing together about 70 representatives of cahales, who dealt, among others, with the issue of distribution and execution of the chief from individual municipalities and interior matters of the community.
As the economical strength of the Jews grew, the moods of dislike toward them were increasing. Their competitors tried to get free of traders and craftsmen first. Pogroms occurred, among others, in 1407 in Krakow. 1495 all Jews surviving in this town were resettled to close Kazimierz, who shortly became their crucial spiritual and cultural and economical centre (he served this function until 1939). any another cities besides tried to shut down the judaic population in ghettos or completely remove it from their area (a privilege De non tolerandis Judaeis obtained about 20 of them). At the same time the ruling and rich nobles, mainly for economical reasons (significant taxation revenues, favorable arenas), showed favour to the Jews.
The collapse of cities in the 17th century worsened the situation of the judaic population, any of it moved to Ukraine. They included, among others, arenas and usury, which shortly sparked the aversion of the local population. Anti-Jewish occurrences occurred 1648 during the period the uprising of B. Chmielnicki (nearly 125,000 Jews were killed at the time, in judaic literature this period is called Gezerah - The large Disaster) and 1768 during the alleged Collision (about 50,000 victims).
Four-year-old Sejm (1788-1792) worked on laws on the location of Jews, 1792 were granted individual immunity. At the end of the 18th century, 2/3 Polish Jews lived in cities, 1/3 were trading, and 1/3 was craftsmanship, little than 1/6 were surviving from hammocking and arenas (they constituted 80% of agrarian arenas).
The possessive states introduced laws discriminating Jews. Prussia andAustria They were bound by judaic self-government and trade, and besides led a Germanization and pro-emigration policy. Russia restricted their individual freedoms, mainly in terms of land acquisition and settlement. The anti-Jewish policy was besides pursued in Republic of Krakow and Kingdom of Poland (in 90 cities Jews were forbidden to settle, in 30 they could live only in ghettos) - restrictions on them abolished reforms A. Multi-Polish (1862), but they reappeared after the fallJanuary 1863-1864 (the Jews were not allowed to the offices, their access to secondary and higher schools was restricted, they were prohibited from acquiring and leasing land in the countryside).
At the end of the 19th century, 1.3 million Jews lived in the Kingdom of Poland, in Chile 800 thousand, in Poznań and Pomerania about 50 thousand. Their number increased in the early 20th century, mainly as a consequence of the influx of judaic people from the East (as a consequence of persecution and administrative actions by the Russian authorities) and 1921 it was already 2.8 million (10% of the population of the reborn Poland), of which 76% lived in cities (25% in Warsaw, Łódź, Krakow, Lviv and Vilnius) - One-third kept up with trade, two-fifths of craftsmanship and work in tiny industry, many engaged in free trade.
The alleged tiny Treaty of Versailles (1919) guaranteed Jews in Poland (and another national minorities) freedom of religion and usage of their own language (Yiddish), freedom of association and education and equal civilian rights. specified guarantees were besides placed in the constitutions 1921 and 1935.
At the same time, many Poles succumbed to anti-Semitic sentiments. There were not repeated pogroms, to which as a consequence of claims of proukrainian and pro-communist sympathy occurred in Lviv (1918) and Pinsk (1919), but Jews were the subject of attacks of press and publicists on national orientation at all times, and in the 2nd half of the 1930s besides discriminatory orders (1936 limitation of ritual slaughter, 1937 admission of the alleged bench ghetto at universities). Many Jews emigrated from Poland to Palestine during the period of improvement W. Grabski (a.k.a. Grabski), they were besides affected by the 1929-1935 economical crisis (a boy of judaic shops).
During World War II Poland was the site of the extermination of the judaic people (Jews Destruction). After the war, about 137 1000 people of this nationality came to Poland as part of the repatriation au USSR - they joined about 50-80,000 of those who survived the demolition in the country. However, the general political and social climate did not favour their stay (e.g. Kielecki pogrom 1946), although any of them, connected before the war with leftist groups, joined the construction of a fresh government in Poland. Between 1946 and 1950 120 1000 Jews migrated from Poland to Palestine, further mass trips followed 1956 and after March events 1968. Currently, their number in Poland is estimated at 15,000, of which a tiny part of the group Union of judaic spiritual Communities in the Republic of Poland.
While on Polish dirt Jews developed their culture and spiritual and social thought. Since the 2nd half of the 15th century, centres of Talmudic studies in Poznań (where since 1474 taught rabbi Moses ben Isaac Mintz - a large authority in the area of rabbinic law) and Krakow (where, among others, Jacob ben Josef Polak - an excellent exegeta, the chief rabbi of Małopolska, and in the 16th century, Moses ben Israel Isles called Rema, recognized as the most prominent Talmudist in Polish lands). In the 17th century, there was a Messianic movement among them. In the 18th century, among others, they operated here. francists, there were besides polemics between representatives of rabbinic Judaism and the spreadingHasidism (a socio-religious movement of a mystical character created by Baal Shem Tow of Podola), besides fought by representatives of judaic enlightenment, Hascali. In the late 19th century, he was born Zionism, was raised to life The planet Zionist Organization, whose structures operated in the Polish lands already in the early 20th century.
Jewish activists were besides active in various socialist and working groups (e.g. in the Universal judaic Workers' Union, alleged Bund, 1897). Among Polish Jews there were besides any assimilation tendencies. Many judaic organizations existed in the revived after 1918 Poland, including the orthodox Agudas Isroel (The Union of Israel, officially since 1919 1 of the strongest judaic parties in the Second Republic), the Zionist Organization in Poland (since 1919 represented in the parliament and senate), the Mizrachi spiritual Center (beginning 1902, since 1918 gained final organizational education). Among the workers was Bund and Ale Zion.
They developed - in Yiddish, Hebrew and Polish - literature, theatre, film, was published 193 magazines (1928). Many painters and sculptors were active. investigation facilities, e.g. Jewish technological Institute. There were judaic private schools (1237 of about 180 1000 students in 1937), many judaic children attended Polish public schools. Jews played an crucial function in the improvement of Polish culture and science.
After planet War II, among others: Social and Cultural Society of Jews in Poland, Jewish Historical Institute, Jewish Theatre named Ester Rachel Kamińska in Warsaw."
http://portalwizy.onet.pl/5458,,,,zydzi_w_polsce,haslo.html
