CHRISTIAN OPERATORY — ANNEMURALE CHRISTIANITIS
The forces of the Bolshevik revolution were going to change their communist order to the Mongol suburb.
The foreground of Christianity was besides called Byzantium and Hungary.
Poland began to be defined this way in the 15th century. It seems that Polish diplomacy utilized this concept to prove that the Republic of Both Nations, defending its borders against the Tatars and Turks, is working for the benefit of the full Christian world.
Polish fame – antemurale christianitatis – grew mainly thanks to abroad writers specified as humanist and diplomat Filip Buonacorsi, called Kallimach, prominent humanists Sebastian Brant, Niccolò Machiavelli and Erasmus of Rotterdam. This can prove to the general public that Poland is the guardian of Christian Europe.
As early as November 1918, Joseph Stalin described the way to Europe as moving through the “Polish laundering” which the Red Army had to force in 1 attempt.
The Soviet-Polish War then entered a decisive phase.
The Red Army has been preparing a powerful strike since January, which was to break up the Polish Army on the Belarusian Front in May. The politician of the state Józef Piłsudski wanted to inform about this attack and effort to carry out the most ambitious task.
He wanted to consolidate Poland's independency by yet breaking the imperial prison of nations east of it. Ukraine's independency was to safe not only Poland, but besides the free improvement of smaller nations from the Caucasus to the Baltic. However, this has not been full achieved. The independency component in Ukraine proved to be besides weak, and Poland's forces were not adequate to fight alone for the future of east Europe, not only against russian Russia, but besides against the position of the major Western powers (France, the United Kingdom and the United States ), which were accustomed to see in this area a single force origin – Russia.
In particular, the United Kingdom wanted to communicate with Moscow at the time, even with “red” Moscow as the only 1 to the east of Germany, an crucial partner in arranging a fresh European order after the large war.
British Prime Minister David Lloyd George has since April 1920 sought a direct agreement with Lenin as the real host not only of Russia, but besides the patron of this fresh order in east Europe.
Poland's independent policy, taking into account the existence of another smaller states in this area, as well as drawing attention to the ideological nature of russian danger to Europe as a whole, was only an obstacle in this regard.
Lenin sent Lion Kamieniev, a associate of the Politburo, to London to uphold the illusion of the russian State's agreement with the West at the price of giving Moscow all east Europe under control.
However, as the military initiative was recovered in the war against Poland and the Red Army's advancement towards the west, he was tempted to throw the glove at the full Versailles strategy in Europe. The Western front of Mikhail Tuchaczewski was to decision “through the white Polish corpse” to Berlin. Poland was not the only 1 to be sowed.
In the summertime of 1920, the scale of the Bolshevik leadership's ambition reflects the most complete exchange of messages between Lenin and Stalin (who straight supervised the Red Army's attack on Lviv).
On July 23, Lenin wrote to Stalin: “I think that the revolution in Italy should be stimulated at the moment. I personally believe that Hungary should be secularised for this purpose, and possibly besides the Czech Republic and Romania."
Stalin, who promised to take over the Lions during the week, replied the next day: “Now that we have Komintern, defeated Poland and little or more decent Red Army, it would be a sin not to incite the revolution in Italy.
The issue of the organisation of the uprising in Italy and in countries specified as Hungary, the Czech Republic, is to be addressed (Romania will be broken up).
In short, you gotta rise your anchor and let yourself go until imperialism has so corrected its smashing car.”
Stalin, before moving to Lviv, had already developed theoretically-systemic solutions to grow the russian empire. In an earlier letter to Lenin, he pointed out that future russian Germany, russian Poland, Hungary, or Finland should not be immediately attached to russian Russia on the same national rule as Bashkiria or Ukraine, but they deserve the introduction of the Confederacy principle, temporarily honoring their traditions as state distinctness.
Trocki, in turn, insisted on July 17 on increased agitation among Polish workers and peasants in order to instill in their consciousness fresh national heroes that were not known to the comrades of Dzierżyński, Marchlewski, Radek, Unszlicht and others.
They were to replace Piłsudski, Dmowski, Witos or Paderewski in fresh Poland.
The second legislature of the Communist global was held in Moscow. The delegates looked enthusiastically at the large map, on which red flags moved to the west all day.
Isaac Babel, a large writer, and in the summertime of 1920 a polytrud accompanying 1. In a large rally for Poland, the Horse Army Semyon Budionny wrote his impressions of this moment:
“Moscow newspapers, July 29. The beginning of the Second legislature of the Komintern, the unity of the peoples, all clear ; there are 2 worlds and war is declared. We will fight forever. Russia has challenged. We're going deep into Europe to conquer the world.
The Red Army has become a global factor."
On August 12, Lenin, excited by the beginning prospects, urged impatience for the Politburo meeting.
