EMILIA PLATER female BOHATER
The Polish National Heroes
Emilia Broel-Plater of the Plater coat of arms (born 13 November 1806 in Vilnius, born 23 December 1831 in Justinów) is simply a Polish countess captain of the Polish Army at the time of the November Uprising, daughter of number Franciszek Ksawery and Anna von der Mohl.
Emilia Plater is simply a character whose biography is equally woven from the facts of the legend and it is very hard to separate these 2 spheres from each other. However, she undoubtedly went into past as a hero of the November Uprising.
CHILD AND MANY
The families Plater and von der Mohl have long been settled in Kurlandia and in Polish Infinities (today Latvia). Most of the people of the Plato household connected their individual and household life with Poland and were hot patriots who made a crucial contribution to the improvement of Polish culture. Emilia's mother, Anna of the Mohls, was an educated female for the time being. Emilia spent her early childhood and early years in her parents' Vilnius home. It was not a happy childhood, due to the fact that the father, Francis Ksavery Plater, led a hulking lifestyle. In 1815, Emilia’s parents had a final connection, after which her parent left the Vilnius home, taking her daughter.
Both lived in the property of Liksna close Dyneburg in the Polish Infants, belonging to Emilia's uncle and aunt Isabella Zyberk – Plater. From the age of 10, Emilia was raised and educated with boys. Her peers and closest companions were 2 cousins – Louis a year older than her and Kazimierz a year younger. She read a lot, she was impressed by the communicative of Joanna d’Arc, who was her perfect alongside Tadeusz Kościuszko and the Greek protagonist Bubulina.
The image of the Greek female Bubulina, who during the Greek uprising donated all her wealth to the insurgents, armed 3 ships and commanded them herself, hung in Platerina's room. She received a very careful upbringing. She wrote poetry, sang, drew beautifully. Besides, she's been doing quite a few fencing, horseback riding, hunting, hiking.
Of Emilia’s personality and of the function she was to fulfill, her historical interests were undoubtedly decided. She supported the youth and patriotic movement at the time, read the readings of the Philomats and the Filarets, and was delighted by the works of large romantics: Goethe and Schiller.
She besides showed large interest in the agrarian people. She collected and recorded many lyrics of songs and folk tunes. In 1823 she spent a long time in Dusiaty with Aunt Apolinara, with whom the sons of Caesar and Władysław were very curious in the lives of peasants.
From 1824 to 1829, Emilia traveled a lot both in the Inflants and in Lithuania and Belarus. It besides took place longer, and last before the uprising, a journey to Warsaw, Częstochowa and Krakow.
Emilia's hand was sought by a wealthy Russian – an engineer who built a fortress with her relatives in Krasław. Emilia, however, refused. Her decision came out of deep patriotic feelings, and she supposedly loved another man – the young engineer captain of Baron Dal-Iwing. But there was no mention of this only love by Emilia, and matrimony was not.
In 1830 her parent died. Mother's death was a hard experience for her.
Emilia's well-known image as a young girl, slender, with an innocent look and a sweet profile, with her hair dispelled – has nothing to do with her real appearance. This so widespread lithography of Stręczyński was idealized after her death.
Ignacy Domeyko described her in memoirs: low beauty, pale, unbeautiful, but round, pleasant, sympathetic face, blue eyes, shapeable, but insufferable construction; she was serious, more harsh than being attracted to herself, small speaking and looking commanding herself due consideration and decency.
PARTICIPATION IN THE LETTER
November 29, 1830 The November Uprising broke out in Warsaw. In December, the news reached Vilnius from Warsaw and lit Lithuania and Żmudź. Emilia was 1 of the first initiators of an independent uprising in Lithuania. However, as a woman, she was not allowed to hold a committee gathering in Vilnius. So she made her own plan to get Dyneburg. During the preparations, she agreed with her 2 relatives from the local school of the underdogs, who vowed that the elevations would catch the guns and hit the crew of the fortress as the insurgents approached Dyneburg. On March 25, 1831, Juliusz Grużewski began partisan activities, dispossessed the Russians from the village of Rosie, thus giving the slogan for the uprising in Lithuania. Emilia immediately went into action, cut her long hair, made herself and her companion Maria Prószyńska (both were friends for a long time) to sew men's outfits. Armed with guns, the dagger set out to fight in the uprising.
The guerrilla unit formed by it counted 280 gunmen, respective 100 Kosinier peasants and 60 cavalrymen. Along with the squad, she began a march towards Dyneburg, and on the way to the branch volunteers were inactive joining.
On 29 March 1831 she entered the Dusiats, where under the developed flag of Poland she encouraged the surrounding population to join the uprising.
On 30 March 1831, with her troops, she took the Dangiele station. On April 2, her squad fought a victorious skirmish and abolished the Russian infantry company at Uciani.
On April 4, she hit 1 of the columns of Gen. Schirman's corps, which was heading for the concentration area of the major Russian forces in Dyneburg. Emilia Plater's branch took over the Lakes, where they were able to enter into the files of the Grodsk uprising.
The surprise of Dyneburg failed the insurgents, young revolutionaries were sent to Dybich's camp. In view of the deteriorating military position, Emilia yet resigned from the attack on Dyneburg.
Emilia shared with her subordinates all the partisan struggles, shortly gaining their love and appreciation, although in the planet of salons she was spared her malicious remarks and allegations of immorality. In fierce combats, faced with Schirman at Utiana and Oniksztami, Emilia's troops suffered crucial casualties in the dead and wounded, he was dispersed, the remainder of Emilia Plater joined Caesar Plater's troops.
On 30 April, she joined the Karol Załuski branch of the camp close Poniewie. They both joined the squad of free-range violamiers.
Under Załuski's command, she took part on 4 May in an unsuccessful fight under the Prestowians. After the defeat, the freelancers went to their territory and took the Wilkometer on 17 May. Here Emilia met Maria Rashanovichów, who had since become her indispensable companion. She and Maria Emilia fought in the guerrilla troops of Konstanty Parczewski close Mesjagola.
In Garbielów, on 5 June, she witnessed a gathering of respective Lithuanian parties with a cavalry pursuit coming from the Kingdom of Poland under General Dezyder Chłapowski.
He gave Emilia Plater the honorary rank of captain and entrusted her with command of 1 company of 1st Lithuanian Infantry Regiment, then renamed 25th Line Infantry Regiment (and at the same time offered Emilla a return home, which she categorically refused).
As her regiment on June 27-28 fought a dense and unsuccessful fight for the maintenance of Kowna, Emilia Plater at the head of her company captured Rosie (25 June), thereby insuring the flank of the full operation.
Reorganized remnants of the 25th Regiment, escorting supply wagons for the Gielgud army then fell into an ambush under the Sauls and only miraculously avoided shipwreck.
Emilia was to show peculiar courage and courage there. On 9 July, at a war conference in Kurshanki, it was decided to divide Polish forces into 3 corps. Emilia Plater was led by General Chłapowski.
When the second decided to lay down their arms and cross the border of East Prussia she declared: It would be better to die than to end up with specified humiliation. In order to proceed the fight, she and her cousin Caesar Plater decided to enter Warsaw.
For 10 days in the disguise of the peasant Plateparn and her companions went to the Kingdom, hiding in the woods, led by the peasant Sadden.
However, the difficulty of wandering – fatigue, hunger, insomnia – proved beyond Emilia's physical strength. She was burned by fever, fainted from the exhaustion of Caesars and Maria carried to a agrarian hut in Augustowski.
Caesary Plater went further to Warsaw. Emilia and Maria found shelter at the guest court of Ignacy Ablamovich in Justinów in the then Sejne district.
Emilia was cured there and hidden as a bona under the name Koravińska. Despite the caring care she was surrounded, Emilia Plater died on 23 December 1831 after the adoption of the sacraments of the saints.
Her body was transported to Kopciowa in the possessions of the Ablamoviches and buried in a local cemetery. It's inactive there.
Emilia Plater is simply a national hero of Poland, Belarus and Lithuania.
REMEMBER
With inspiration, Emilia Plater Adam Mickiewicz wrote the poem “The Death of the Colonel”.
Emilia Plater was written by celebrated European poets: Kard. Justin, Twampley, Pepoli, Georg Büchner, Ortlep, Veit.
SCHOOL PATRONKA
2nd Emilia Plater advanced School in Sosnowiec
Public Secondary School No. 3 of Emilia Plater (U.S. Narutowicz 39) and II advanced School
Emilia Plater in General Education School Complex No. 3 in Biała Podlaska.
Emilia Plater School Group 2 in Zalesiu Dolny (formerly advanced School “Platerówka”).
Primary School No. 1 of Emilia Plater in Koński (U.S. Home Army).
Private Emilia Plater Female Secondary School in Sanoku (in the past, now the 2nd Maria Skłodowska-Curie advanced School in Sanoku).
Emilia Plater advanced School in Warsaw (in the past).
Primary School No. 1 of Emilia Plater in Bogatyn (Army of the Polish Army)
Primary School No. 35 of Emilia Plater in Lublin (in the past).
Primary school No. 50 of Emilia Plater in Gdańsk.
Emilia Plater Public Primary School No. 5 in Kluczbork.
Primary School No. 8 of Emilia Plater in Piotrków Trybunalski.
PUL Emilia Plater Secondary School in Płock.
Emilia Plater was besides placed in 1931 and 1936 on 20-gold banknotes (Polish Banknotes from 1930 to 1939), and on the $50 banknote, her image from head to neck depicts the warrior and pride of the nation.
It was named after the 1st Female Battalion, and the village in Lower Silesia, where women settled after the end of the war – soldiers were named Platerick.
It was named after many streets in Polish cities:
Emilia Plater Street in Szczecin
Emilia Plater Street in Warsaw
Emilia Plater Street in Olsztyn
Emilia Plater Street in Kraków
Emilia Plater Street in Gostyń
Emilia Plater Street in Lublin
Emilia Plater Street in Suwałki
Emilia Plater Street in Dąbrowa Tarnowska
Emilia Plater Street in Trzebini
Emilia Plater Street in Świdnica
Emilia Plater Street in Gdańsk Prussia
Emilia Plater Street in Łódź
Emilia Plater Street in Mielec
Emilia Plater Street in Vasilkov
It was named after the first female scout squad in Poland (3th Lviv Scouting squad Emilia Plater).
The metallic band Horitnica sings about it in the song “Emilia Plater”
Emilia Plater was a female who very much wanted to mark her presence in a different case, she wanted to transcend the habit according to which the female has the ability to execute only as a nurse.
She wanted to imitate Joanna d’Arc albо Grażyna Mickiewicz, who had written against his husband's Teutonic Knights.
Her participation in the soldier's uprising, according to the diary's commentary, has very different orders, from glorious to critical.
Emilia Plater is an unusual, fascinating, but besides controversial and riddled heroine
One historian agrees. Emilia Plater is simply a national hero and so she went to the national historia.
Colonel's death
But this chief, though in soldier's clothing,
What beautiful virgin is she?
What breast? — Ah, it was a virgin,
She's a Lithuanian virgin hero,
Insurrection Leader Emilija Plater!
Adam Mickiewicz – The death of Colonel 1836 Paris
Source:
Wojciech Iwańczak, Anna Jabłońska, Beata Wojciechowska “The Post of Polish Heroes from Zawisza Czarny...”
http://nie Correctni.pl/blog/218/emilia-plater-woman-hero
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emilia_Plater
