Soviet Russia under the pretext of the Katyń case broke diplomatic relations with the Government of the Second Republic of Poland in London in April 1943. From that minute on, Russian Bolsheviks, Stalin, began to make Polish-speaking communist service agentry serving the future enslavement of Poland. This agent is formed by the association of the Polish Patriots with Wanda Wasilewska, and another communist agents. The Polish Workers' organization and its subordinate People's Guard, the later People's Army, were established in the country.
All of this can be described as the 3rd Targowice (The 2nd Targowice functioned briefly in 1920 in Białystok, it was created by Dzierżyński, Marchlewski, Kon, Unszlicht citing in the back of the Red Army by the pseudo-Government of Polrewko, who barely arose it had to flee and end his unpleasant life).
III Targowice lasted much longer until 1989 until the creation of the III Polish Republic.
In early 1944, the Red Army crossed the border of the Second Republic of Poland The Underground State in implementing the Storm plan joined the fight against Germany and revealed its civilian authorities. There were troops of the NKVD, russian military political police, who arrested and carried soldiers and members of the civilian services of the Polish Underground State to the camps. The "Fight for Freedom and independency of Poland" begins with a fresh russian business conducted armedly in 1944 1956, besides called the "Polish Anti-communist Uprising."
Together with the Red Army were Polish communists, 3rd Targowice, who formed an agential PRL in areas west of Bug. Poland found itself in the triple enslavement of the russian Union, Communist organization and Communist ideology. At the time of entering the Red Army, soldiers and civilian servants of the Polish Underground State became Cursed Soldiers.
They were de facto Nonviolent Soldiers.
John Paul II said, "All those murdered with their hands must be mentioned besides by the Polish institutions of safety Services remaining on the services of the strategy transferred from the east, they must at least be remembered before God and Historia".
In 1944, the communists from PPR and PZPR murdered nearly 20,000 Polish patriots, and about 200,000 passed through Polish prisons and russian camps.
These were in large advantage especially among the fallen and murdered Soldiers of the Curse. Among the Cursed Soldiers we include first of all those who took up the fight for the freedom and independency of Poland with their arms in their hands as part of the Polish Anti-communist Uprising.
The Cursed Soldiers besides included those soldiers and civilian servants of the Polish Underground State, who did not join the Second Conspiracy, but due to their participation during the German business in its structures they lost their lives, were tortured and imprisoned. An example here may be a associate of the action under Arsenal, a soldier of the Zośka Battalion Captain Jan Rodowicz "Anoda", murdered in the investigation, or shot silent Major Bolesław Butrym "Zmudzin" and thousands of others.
In addition to the armed struggle, thousands of young Poles engaged in conspiracy activities against communist business and Marxist ideology. They were sentenced to years of imprisonment. The most celebrated of them is Jaworzno's labour camp. Hence, they are organized in Jaworzniacy Association. These are the Cursed Soldiers too.
The fight against the russian occupier and their PPR agent and since 1948 the PZPR led to 19.01.1945 AK soldiers, until the dissolution by the order of the last commandant of the AK General Okulicki, murdered in a prison in Moscow on Christmas Eve 1945/1946, after the treasonous arrest and celebrated trial of the 16th.
The government in London was making further transformations in the governing structures of the country's fight, the Independence-NIE organization briefly operated. Prepared as part of the AK to proceed the fight, converted in May 1945 to the Armed Forces Delegation into a Country moving until 8 August 1945.
From September 1945 to November 1947, the Civil-military Association of Freedom and independency - WIN operated. The Communist agentura liquidated 4 successive Boards of the Freedom and independency Association 27.11.1947r was arrested president of the 4th Board of the WiN Association.
The founding wine was a civilian organization, in military practice.
The governing structures of the fight were derived from the staff of elder AK officers. For many reasons, organizational information, but besides ideological underground activity in the field was varied.
NSZ troops incorporated into the AK continued to operate as the National Military Union NOW, under the auspices of the National Party. Stanislaw Sojczyński , «Warszyc», established the Polish Polish civilian Service Army operating in Łódź, Kielce, Częstochowa, Śląski, Poznań, operated the Independent Operational Group Warta. In the field, the militants and the population continued to believe it was the AK or the NSZ.
The opposition on the lost lands was completely in operation. For example, the self-defense of Grodzień Land under Zygmunt Olechnocz - ,,Olech" continued until 1949, in a smaller dimension until 1956.
"Soldiers Cursed" 12 out of 20,000 murdered
Speaking of the Cursed Soldiers, we must callback the greatness of the characters, heroism in combat and everyday conspiracy life, martyrdom, death or long-term prison, preceded by a cruel investigation combined with torture, their service to God and Homeland in the name of faithfulness and honor. It is impossible to present 20,000 biograms killed in the fight, murdered by killing, dead, killed in prisons and the most painful - murdered as a consequence of the judgments of PPR-owskie and PZPR-owskie courts. We must always emphasize the causative function of the communist organization due to the fact that during the full period of 1944-1989 it was a tool for enslavement of Poland, the UB and the judiciary acted from its inspiration. But 1 must besides remember about those nearly 200,000 patriots who went through prisons and exiles.
I quote 12 very short biographical notes, apart from 4 figures of the highest rank, the management of the Polish Underground State, I list them chronologically according to the dates of death.
Deputy Prime Minister Jan Stanisław Jankowski The pseudonym, "Doctor" is the highest-ranking typical of civilian services of the Polish Underground State imprisoned and murdered by russian Russia. independency activist during the time of the election of Members of the Sejm and Minister in the 20th interwar anniversary.
After the war, he initially operated in social welfare institutions. In late 1942, he became Deputy Delegate of the Government of Poland to the Country. Since April 1943, the Government Delegate to the Country, since 1944, has been Deputy Prime Minister in charge of the National Council of Ministers. After the Soviets entered March 1945, he was invited to talk to General Sierow, along with sixteen another representatives of the authorities of the Polish Underground State, including the last commandant of the AK Gen. Leopold Okulicki. Despite the warrant data, all invited were arrested and transported to Moscow and there unlawfully tried in the alleged 16th trial. By the judgement of the Moscow Court sentenced to 8 years in prison 2 weeks before the completion of the conviction on 13 March 1953, murdered in the prison in Włodzimierz, USSR.
Marked:
The Silver Cross of the Order of Virtuti Military Class V
Polish president Lech Wałęsa granted the Deputy Prime Minister to the country Jan Jankowski in 1995 Order of the White Eagle.
Last Chief AK Gen. Leopold Okulicki "The Bear".
Since 1914, he has served in the Polish Legions. In November 1918, in Bochnia, he formulates a platoon from junior advanced school students and participates with them in the battles for the Lviv. In September 1939 he participated in the defence of Warsaw, as chief of staff of the Warsaw Za-chod section, then as a linear commander. He belonged to a sworn group formed on 27 September 1939. The Polish triumph Service is an organization that is the origin of the Polish Underground State. He was sent to direct the OGM in the russian business Lviv was arrested by Soviets in January 1941 and transported to the NKVD prison in Moscow, Łubianka. Fired, in Anders' Army, he becomes commander of the 7th Division. Directed to London, he undergoes a parachute course for the silent and is dropped into the country on 21/22 May 1944. In the Warsaw Uprising, after the injury of Gen. Pełczyński, he serves as Chief of Staff of the KG AK.
He does not go into captivity in civilian disguise leaves Warsaw taking up conspiracy activity. He is appointed by the president of Poland Raczkiewicz as Chief of the National Army. By order of 19 January 1945, he disbands the National Army. Under arrest with V-ce Prime Minister Jankowski and another representatives of the Polish Underground State. In the trial of 16 in June 1945 sentenced to 10 years in prison. Murdered on Christmas Eve, 1945.
Decorated with the Virtuti Military Gold Cross twice.
The Silver Cross of the Order of Virtuti Militari
The Cross of Independence
The Cross of Valor 4 times.
The Knight's Cross of Polonia Restituta (1937).
Star of Perseverance.
Polish president Lech Wałęsa awarded General Leopold Okulicek in 1995 the Order of the White Eagle.
A.K. Chief Emil Fieldorf "Nil". Since 1912, active in a shooting union. He served in the Legions from August 1914. In the Polish Bolshevik War, commander of dense device guns campaigns.
In the September Campaign, commander of the 51st Border firearm Regiment. Through Hungary it enters France and then England. He's the first emissary sent to the country. Through Cape Town, Cairo, Belgrade, Budapest and Kraków, he reached Warsaw on 6 September 1940. In the rank of Colonel, he was successively Inspector of the KG AK, Commandant of Area II of Białystok, to become Commandant of Kediv KG AK under the nickname "Nil". He directed the full operation of the current AK, which is simply a large diversion of guerrilla troops carrying out sentences on German criminals and traitors. Kedywu included the celebrated Scout Battalions "Zośka" and "Parasol". On 1 February 1944, he was dismissed from the post of commandant of Kediv KG AK. Until July 1944, he was the commandant of the then formed organization NO, on 28 September appointed Brigadier General. As of October 1944, Deputy General Okulicki AK. Arrested by Soviets (NKVD) on 7 March 1945 in Milanówek, as Valenty Granicki, a tobacco dealer, was unrecognized and was taken to the USSR incarcerated in the Gulag. In November 1947, he returned to Poland. In February 1948 he registered as an officer, in RKU (later WKR) in Łódź, where he lived with his household after being in russian camps he was severely ill.
On 10 November 1950, he was arrested and transported to Warsaw. On 21 November 1950, Colonel Helena Walinska issued a decision to temporarily arrest Emil Fieldorf. Helena Walińska Brus wife Prof. Brus died late in London without work for many crimes committed.
On 16 April 1952, after a year and a half cruel investigation, sentenced to death penalty.
He accused Deputy Prosecution of the lawyer General Benjamin Wajsblech. They were judged by Maria Gurowska president, jurors Michał Szymanski and Bolesław Malinowski.
Sentence by hanging was made on 24 February 1953 at 3:00 p.m. in Warsaw in a prison at Rakowiecka Street.
Marked:
By the Golden Cross of the Order of Virtuti Military
Cross of the Silver Order of Virtuti Militari V class (1923),
The Cross of Valour 4 times,
Golden Cross of Merit (1929),
The Cross of independency (1932),
The Knight's Cross of Polonia Restituta (1937).
Polish president Lech Kaczyński awarded him posthumously in 2006. Order of the White Eagle.
Last Commander of the National independency Structures president of the 4th Board of the Association of Freedom and independency Colonel Łukasz Cieplinski
During the September 1939 campaign, at the conflict of Bzura, he showed valor while defending the crossing under Witkowice, leading personally the firing of attacking German tanks: with fire he destroyed 6 tanks (including 2 command wagons). After his surrender, he entered Hungary after training on his way back captured by the Germans escaped from prison. In April 1941, he was appointed territory Inspector of the Reich ZWZ, who under his direction became 1 of the best in the country. The success was to bargain plans to assault the russian Union in 1941 and then observe and collect material on V2. In 1944, as part of the storm action, he commanded the operations of the 24DP AK operating group during the liberation of the inspectorate area from the German occupation.
After the business of Rzeszów by the Red Army, Colonel Cieplinski remained in the conspiracy. He commanded an action to break up the Prison in Rzeszów Castle where 270 AK soldiers were held, despite good preparation, the action failed. After the AK was dissolved, he moved to Krakow.
In Krakow Ciepliński was engaged in work in subsequent post-Akowski independency organizations. In January 1945, he became chief of staff of Kraków territory "No", as of May 1945, he was the commandant of the territory of DSZ Rzeszów and chief of staff of the territory of DSZ Kraków. During Green Christmas 1945, he became the commandant of the territory of DSZ Kraków. After the creation of the WiN, in September 1945, he was appointed president of the confederate Area of Antoni Sanojca as president of the Faculty of the WiN Kraków. He then created an organizational structure covering 3 spheres of activity: information (intelligence), propaganda and self-defence carried out by the Patrols "Guards". The rule he tried to direct in conspiracy activities was closed in the statement: "without conflict and violence." After Franciszek Nipokólczyk took over the CEO of II ZG WiN, from December 1945 until the end of 1946 Ciepliński was president of the confederate Area. In close cooperation with the president ZG Ciepliński led the work of the association in Rzeszów, Krakowski and advanced Silesia, and the information network "Stomil" "Iskra" besides had its cells in Warsaw and Pomerania. He sought to keep contacts with the Catholic Church, provided information material to WiN Primate August Hlond and Archbishop Adam Sapieże, in September or October 1946 he met with the Primate in Warsaw. In early September 1946, WiN emissaries (Józef Maciołek "Kazimierz", Stefan Rostworowski "Ignacy") left for London with the task of organising the abroad WiN delegation, crypt. "Dardanele". The decision to send them was made by Nipokołczycki, but in a large part the composition and guidelines for the delegation were determined by Ciepliński. Since the summertime of 1946, he has actually succeeded the president of the II ZG WiN, who had to disengage from organizational work due to the fact that he was wanted by SB. After the arrest of Niepokołczycki (22 October 1946), in agreement with Cieplinski p.o. president ZG was Vincenty Kwiecinski, arrested on 5 January 1947.
On 10 January 1947, during a conference convened by Cieplinski in Krakow, it was decided to proceed the activity and the president of the IV ZG WiN was entrusted to Cieplinski. Recreating his broken arrests, Cieplinski's structure placed the GG of activists known to him from the German business period, specified as: Adam Lazarowicz Vice president with the task of rebuilding the management of the areas, Mieczysław Kawalec Head of Information Department, Ludwik Kubik Head of Organization Department, Józef Rzepka Head of Political Cell, Franciszek Błażej Head of Propaganda, Józef Maciołek Head of WiN Delegation abroad. Ciepliński created a staff organization, carried out verification of employees associated with the III ZG, based on an alternate communication network, activated political and military intelligence (referred to russian troops in Poland), launched fresh metastatic routes to the West (in June 1947 a courier Jerzy Wozniak "Jacek" came to Poland from the delegation, providing Cieplinski with fresh ciphers and a carbon of secret copy). In the opinion of historians, the Cieplinian presidentship was the most heroic period in WiN history. Violently hunted, he realized that the main activities of UB in the second half of 1947 were aimed at working out ZG Cieplinski was arrested on 27 November 1947 in Zabrze. He was interviewed at the WUBP in Katowice and Krakow. Then, together with another members of the ZG WiN, he was held in the pavilion X and XI branch of the MBP prison in Warsaw Mokotów. He underwent a cruel investigation (led under russian supervision), during which he was subjected to psychotropic measures, among others. From prison, he gave his wife the fluffs that were the spiritual will, which included instructions for her boy to be raised as a patriot. Łukasz Ciepliński was tried together with 10 people from the 4th ZG WiN in October 1950 7 death sentences were issued approved by the ultimate Military Court in December and the NKVD agent of the president of the Polish People's Republic of Poland Bolesław Bierut.
On 1 March 1951, in the basements of the economical home in the prison in Mokotów, the last nationwide coordinator of the Polish Home Army led the fight for Poland's freedom and independency with the fresh russian business was murdered in 5 - 10 minute intervals. They were:
Lt. Lukasz Ciepliński, president of the 4th WiN Management Board
Major Adam Lazarowicz, "Klamra" - president of the 4th WiN Board,
Major Mieczysław Kawiec "Żbik" member. 4th WiN Board,
Captain Joseph Batory "Argus" member. 4th WiN Board,
Captain Francis Błażej "Roman" member. 4th WiN Board,
Lieutenant Charles Chmiel "Zygmunt" member. 4th WiN Board,
Lt. Joseph Rzepka "Znicz" member. 4th Board of WiN.
The crimes of the 4th WiN Board were straight attended by prosecutors: Colonel Jerzy Tramer and Major Mieczysław Dytra, and the death conviction was handed down by Colonel Alek-sander Warecki (Warenhautp) - Chairman, Major Zbigniew Turtak and Major Władysław Tryliński.
A review complaint in the N.S.W. held in force by Colonel Wilhelm Świątkowski - Chairman, Colonel Alfred Janowski, Colonel Leo Hochberg.
Major Arnold Rak - Deputy Procurator of N.P.W., Major Alojzy Grabicki - Chief of Prison, Captain Kazimierz Jezierski - Doctor, St. Sergeant Aleksander Drej - Chief of Enforcement.
Only in independent Poland 17 September 1992. The WOW court issued a decision to acquit the defendants with the judgement of the W.S.R. of 14 X 1950.
In a broader dimension, it was the crime of the Polish United Workers' Party, which acted as a russian agent, installed bayonets of the Red Army. The judgement of the PZPR maintained until the end of the existence of the PRL. Moral work for this crime is inherited by the Alliance of the Democratic Left, which present claims to be a defender of democracy and law. Having been accused in the mass media, various committees and another bodies, consistently against what has the lineage of Independent Poland.
Today, the date of this martyrdom is venerated as a state holiday, "THE DAY OF THE NATIONAL REMEMBER OF THE OLDERS."
Award-winning Order of Virtuti Military Vth Class, Knight Cross
Polish president Lech Kaczyński granted Witold Pilecki-Order of the White Eagle in 2006.
Prime Minister Maciej Kalenkiewicz "Kotowicz", He died on 21 VII 1944.
In September 1939 in the Suwałska Cavalry Brigade from 28 September, the adjutant and then Z-ca Major Henryk Dobrzański Hubala nicknamed "Kotowicz". At the end of November 1939, he and Major "Hubal" are briefly present in Warsaw, at the command of the SZP commander, he enters France through Hungary. In October 1940, he organized the first Polish parachute course in England at Ringway Resort. Dropped into the country on 27/28 December 1941 wounded in the fight against Germany enters Warsaw. Promoted to the rank of major, he took up service in the AK. In 1944, Major Kalenkiewicz with a group of his soldiers as Inspector of the KG AK was directed to the Novogródzki territory of the AK. He lost his arm to the Germans. He avoided arrest of officers with Gen. Krzyżanowski. Named Colonel and Commandant of the Novogródsk Suburb.
He's fighting the forces of the russian NKVD that corner him. On August 21, 1944, at the conflict of the Surokonts, he dies not wanting to retreat by covering his soldiers with fire.
Awarded: Cross of Valor twice, Cross of Virtuti Militari V grade twice, Cross of the National Army Posthumously, posthumously Cross of the National Army, Star of Perseverance.
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Lieutenant Marian Bernakik "Orlik", He died on June 24, 1946.
In September 1939, he fought with Germany and the Soviets in the 2nd dense Artillery Regiment. After the dramatic defence of Vladimir Volynski, he was captured by russian forces. He escaped from transport to Kozielska immediately afterwards returned to Ryk. In OGM (later AK). Appointed Head of Kediw's "A" (Dęblin - Ryki) subdivided after many diversional sabotage actions exposed by the Gestapo went into the forest assuming "The Wolves" AK. After many armed actions in 1944, at the head of a 300-man branch after the Red Army entered July, he marched to aid the "Warsaw Uprising" against the Red Army's resistance. The squad has been disbanded.
He began to know the large hunt of UB and NKVD for him and his soldiers.
In March 1945, after the entry of russian front troops from the Lublin region, the branch was created. shortly his guerrilla group gained widespread publicity with a scope of bravado military action.
His most celebrated actions are "The conflict of Stocki's Years". At the Orlika group, the NKVD battalion with 3 armored cars supported by a group of Ubeks and militias. Battleships were broken down, russian tyraliers were scattered, at the end of the ravine there was an unexpected encounter between Lieutenant Faithful and the UB and NKVD commanders, who were immediately killed with device weapon fire. Among another things, a close associate of Adam Humer was killed, the chief of the division of the provincial safety office, Captain Henryk Derenewicz and Deputy Head of the Regional safety Office, Lieutenant Aleksander Ligaza. Another successful action was to break up the Pulawy prison and free the Aquitaine prisoners there.
"Orlik" died on June 24, 1946, during the return of the WiN Inspectorate Command. An AK and WiN soldier died with him. In memory of his soldiers and everyone who knew him, "Orlik" remained a model of an officer and commander. He was balanced, reasonable, and same - controlled, and did not dress up human life, and enjoyed large authority and respect. He required much, not only from his subordinates, but besides from himself. He never drank more than a glass of alcohol. He was a dense drinker, spreading among any guerrillas. He never acted hastily. all decision, especially 1 that could have led to the failure of someone's life, he considered carefully and comprehensively. erstwhile he made it, he worked hard to accomplish it. He didn't start a household due to the fact that he thought it wasn't the time.
Polish president Lech Kaczyński awarded him posthumously the Cross of the large Revival of Poland in 2009.
Danuta Sit, "Inka"- shot, by the judgement of the PPR -Ossian court 3 August 1946.
Paramedic 5th Vilnius Brigade in the AK. The father sent to the gulags after reaching the Army of Anders died of exhaustion, the parent was shot in 1943 by the Gestapo for cooperation with the underground. Arrested with all Hajnówka Foresters during transport to the UBP office in Białystok, retrieved by the 5th Vilnius AK Brigade patrol. She began serving in the Brigade, commanded by Major. Sigismund Szyndzierz - Łupaszka as an orderly under the nickname "Inka". She fought in the brother-in-law of Lieutenant Jan Mazur "Piasta" and then Lieutenant Marian Pluciński "Mścisław". After the Brigade was disbanded, she began working in Miłomłyn close Ostródy. As early as January 1946, after the reopening of the Brigade's operations, she was re-established. She took part in a number of branch shares astonishing her self-sacrifice and dedication (she provided not only partisans but besides wounded militias and soldiers). On 13.07.1946, the fresh commander of Olgiard Christ's squadron, Leszek, sent her to Gdańsk to acquisition medical supplies. Subjected to a violent investigation despite torture, she did not release any addresses or another information about the branch.
Sentenced ad hoc on 3 August 1946, she was sentenced to death even though she was not 18 years old, the conviction broke the law and in this respect. The conviction was executed on 28 August 1946, the firing squad utilized about 100 rounds, and she was inactive alive. She was killed by Lieutenant Francis Sawicki's firing squad commander. Before her death, she shouted "Long live Poland", "Long live , Łupaszka" in the last flu she wrote "Tell my grandma that I behaved properly".
The conviction on the seat was deleted in Independent Poland.
Prosecutor Wacław Krzyżanowski, who requested and obtained a criminal death conviction for Kodkówna, was not convicted in the 3rd Republic.
Polish president Lech Kaczyński awarded it in 2006 posthumously the Commander's Crosses of the Order of Polish Revival.
Captain Witold Pilecki "Witold", shot by the judgement of the PPR oski court- May 25, 1948.
He began his independency as a Boy Scout in Orle. In 1918, in the self-defense units of Vilnius. In 1919, in the guerrilla troops of the legendary Zagonian Major Jerzy Dębski, with whom he served in the 1920s in the 211st Ulan regiment under Radzymin and the expedition of General Żeligowski to Vilnius in these fightings, he was twice decorated with a warrior cross. In 1939, he was commander of the cavalry platoon in the 19DP. After the Bolshevik assault, they buried their weapons and returned to Warsaw with their commander Major Jan Włodarkiewicz.
9 November 1939 in Warsaw Pilecki, Włodarkiewicz and respective another officers establish the TAP's Secret Army, which at the time of its merger with the ZWZ had about 8,000 sworn in members. Pilecki submitted a task of his voluntary visit to Auschwitz to send reports on the situation and to make a spiritual opposition organization among prisoners there. On 19 September 1940, he was captured in a catch arranged by the Germans under the false name Serafinski.
On the night of 21 to 22 September 1940, he was in Oświęcim where he stayed to flee on the night of Easter Sunday 26/27 April 1943.
In the camp Pilecki founded an organization called "Union of Military Organizations" of the ZOW. The aim of the organization was to emergence up, supported from the outside and self-help the prisoners. At the same time, he sent reports of the situation in the camp to the management of the AK. After escaping, he wrote a detailed study of the alleged "Witold Report". In the camp he was promoted to lieutenant and after escaping to the rank of captain. As part of the AK, he worked on the preparation of intelligence structures in the organization independency "No" prepared for the expected russian occupation. In the Warsaw Uprising, he fought in the "Chrobry" group defending the brigade in Jerusalem Avenues, which became celebrated as Pilecki's redo.
After the uprising, he is taken prisoner, after his liberation he joins the II corps of Gen. Anders in Italy. On 5 and 11 September 1945, he reported to General Anders his readiness to return to the country to collect information on the situation in the country occupied by the Soviets and their PPR agentura. On 8 December, he reached Warsaw where he concentrated a group of colleagues.
In the investigation, he didn't break down, he didn't give up, he kept his soldier's honor to the end. On 3 March 1948, before the territory Military Court in Warsaw, the process of the alleged "Witold Group" began: Witold Pilecki, Maria Szelągowska, Tadeusz Płużyński, Ryszard Jamontt-Krzywicki, Maximilian Kaucki, Witold Różycki, Makary Sieradzki and Jerzy Nowakowski. Witold Pilecki did not admit to cooperating with the intelligence of a abroad power, nor to any plans for assassinations, he did not condemn his Second Corps commanders, although possibly he could buy his life with specified a statement. He admitted to collecting information about the situation in Poland for the II Corps and to organizing 3 weapons boxes.
The jury was chaired by Colonel Jan Hryckowian, who accused the military prosecutor Major Czesław Łapinski. The bitter irony was that a fewer years earlier both of them were AK officers. The trial was alternatively symbolic...
In the last word before the court, Witold Pilecki said, "I was not a resident, but only a Polish officer. I was just following orders until I was arrested. I had no assurance that I would engage in espionage, and I would ask you to consider it at the time of the sentence." On May 15, 1948, the court sentenced Witold Pilecki, Maria Szelągowska and Tadeusz Płużański to death penalty, Makary Sieradzki to life imprisonment, Różycki for 15 years, Kaucki for 12 years, Jamontt - Krzywicki for 8 years and Jerzy Nowakowski for 5 years. The conviction on Pilecki was 25.05.1948
For respective years, the president of the Paradis Judaeorum Foundation, the initiator of the social action "Let's remember the Rotmaster", has been conducting efforts to establish 25 May , the European Day of Heroes against Totalitarianism". He is besides the author of a letter to Benedict XVI asking to consider the beatification of the late Witold Pilecki. The destiny of Rotmaster Pilecki is peculiarly tense in the efforts of a man who, on his own initiative with immense energy and determination, took action against the top device of death which was Auschwitz, to undertake a voluntary mission against totalitarian communism after years of conspiracy and combating fascist totalitarianism in the name of Poland's independency and to die martyrdom in the communist execution house.
It is an expressive fate, and for many of the Cursed Soldiers a typical fight against Nazi totalitarianism, to be later murdered by communists in the name of faithfulness to the most sacred ideals of God, Honor and Homeland.
In 1990, a judgement was annulled in the Pileckii trial and associates.
decorated with the Commander's Cross of the Order of Polish Revival- 1995,
Polish president Lech Kaczyński granted Witold Pilecki-Order of the White Eagle in 2006.
Captain Jan Rodowicz "Anoda" tortured in the investigation on 7 January 1949.
During the German occupation, he was educated at Stefan Batory advanced School and advanced School as a associate of the celebrated Scouting Team, "Pomarań czarni" 23nd WDH named after Bolesław Chrobry, which started conspiracy activity in October 1939. He works together with Tadeusz Zawadzki "Zośka", Aleksandr Dawidowski "Alk", Jan Bytnar "Rudy". Through tiny sabotage actions, he passes to the Grey Army Groups operating within the AK Kedyw. Participates in many combat actions, among others, in the celebrated reflection of "Rudy" under Arsenal.
During the uprising, the full "Zoski" conflict way passes. He is badly wounded in the left lung during fights at the Powązkowski Cemetery, passing through the sewers from Old Town to Śródmieście. After a short stay at the hospital, he joins fellow fighters in advanced Czerniakow. He defends the last simplification at Wilanowska Street. He is wounded in the left arm of a shattered shoulder and then refracted with a grenade launcher. As 1 of the fewer evacuated to the Prague shore by 3 pp General Berlinga soldiers. After a long treatment in early 1945, he returns to his household in Milanówek. He starts working with colleagues from "Zoski to form the available branch of the Central Armed Forces Delegation. Following the Appeal, Colonel Radosława reveals himself to the Central territory AK commission on 19 September 1945. He begins his studies at the Faculty of Architecture of Warsaw University of Technology. Arrested on Christmas Eve 1948, he is tortured in an investigation on 7 January 1949.
Decorated with the Virtuti Military Cross and the conflict Cross, posthumously the Commander's Cross of the Polish Revival.
Polish president Lech Kaczyński awarded him the large Revival Cross posthumously in 2008.
Captain Stanisław Sojczyński "Warsaw" shot by the judgement of the PPR of the Oski Court on 19 February 1947.
Organizer and commander of the Polish underground Army. Before the war, the teacher.
During the September campaign, as a reserve lieutenant, he fought in the vicinity of Hrubieszów in the composition of the group "Kowel". After his failures in fighting close Janów Lubelski, he was disarmed by russian soldiers. But he avoided slavery.
He returned to Rzeszów, close Częstochowa conspiracy. In the fall of 1939, he became a associate of the Polish triumph Service. At that time, he joined the organisation of the SZP's Podoból-water and then ZWZ Rzejowice, which shortly became 1 of the best organized conspiracy areas. For this reason, in 1939 Lieutenant Sojczyński became Commandant of the Pododód Rzeszów AK, and since October 1942 he besides served as Deputy Commandant of the Radomsko AK Oblast, while at the same time being Head of the Divisional Management (Kediv) in the Oblast. It shortly turned out that he had quite a few leadership skills. Among his top achievements was the attack on the night of 7 to 8 August 1943 of the German prison in Radomsk. As a consequence of the action, about 50 people were released: over 40 Poles and 11 Jews, and the branch managed to retreat from the city with minimal losses. For this action Lieutenant Stanisław Sojczyński was awarded the Silver Cross of the Virtuti Militari War Order. He shortly formed the first guerrilla unit on the perimeter, which he commanded until November 1943. During the action "Burza" commanded the First Battalion of the 27th AK Infantry Regiment, making quite a few fights with Germans in Radomsko County, which was part of the Częstochowa AK Inspectorate.
In January 1945, Sojczyński was promoted to captain.
Combating Communist safety forces in the composition of KWP
When the Red Army entered Polish lands, Captain Stanisław Sojczyński did not lay down his weapon. Wanted by the communist safety apparatus, he felt liable for the destiny of his erstwhile subordinates. In the spring of 1945 he began to gather his erstwhile soldiers again, and he besides established contacts with another armed troops, resisting the communists. On April 3, 1945, he issued an order ordering the erstwhile subordinate to resume his conspiracy activity. On the basis of the 27th AK Infantry Regiment commanded by him during the First Battalion in May 1945 in Radomsk, he formed a conspiratorial organization that initially wore the code name "Manewr", then "Fight with Lawlessness", and from 8 January 1946 adopted the name "The Self-Conspiracy Group of the Polish Army" named "Lasa", "Bory". This organization, with about 4,000 members, operated in Łódź, partially Kielce, Silesia and Poznań voivodships. The organisational transformation was due to the improvement of the number of KWP ranks.
On 16 August 1945, he issued an order setting out the tasks of the KWP in the fight against the criminal activities of the communist authorities and in the protection of society and the underground soldiers of independency against the panic of safety authorities. The first individual to die by his order was Jakub Cukuraman, head of the investigation section of the State Public safety Office in Radomsk. He was shot in the street in August 1945.
A year later, besides in Radomsk, 1 of the loudest KWP actions took place. On the night of 19-20 April 1946 167 guerrillas entered the city, which was led by Jan Rogulka ps. "Grot". The aim of the action was to release prisoners held in the PUBP building and in the building of the local UB prison, as well as to liquidate members of the PPR, on whom the KWP command issued death sentences. Local UB detention was obtained and 57 arrested were released. About 2 hours after the city was overrun, Lieutenant Grot ordered a retreat. At the time of the retreat, a three-fold larger branch of the CWB was broken up; 16 KWP soldiers were killed, including 5 officers, as well as 8 captured by then partisans of russian soldiers. Although Captain Sojczyński had already been a panic of security, after this action the "people's authority" considered him a public enemy number one. The expanding communist repression caused that by an order of 28 March 1946 he ordered the intensifying of military action.
Stanislaw Sojczyński was arrested on 27 June 1946 in Częstochowa. His closest associates were besides arrested.
Stanisław Sojczyński, together with his subordinates, was tried in the process of command of the KWP on 9 December 17 December 1946 by the Military territory Court in Lodz. justice Bronisław Ochnio presided, accusing prosecutors Major Czesław Łapinski and Major Kazimierz Graff. A death conviction was passed on the commander and his 8 closest KWP soldiers. Captain S. Sojczyński and his 5 subordinates were executed on 19 February 1947 in Łódź, 3 days before the announcement of amnesty. There's no telling where he was buried.
In 1992, the Provincial Court in Łódź repealed the judgement of 17 December 1946 stating that it acted for the independency of the Polish State.
Polish president Lech Kaczyński appointed Stanisław Soj-czyński posthumously as Brigadier General on 5 November 2009.
Major Bolesław Kontrym - "Smudge"- shot by the judgement of the PZPR osski court on 20 January 1953.
Arrested in 1918 and incorporated into the Red Army, he commanded 82 pp. and 28th sub-brigade of 10 DP. Since February 1921, a listener of the Moscow General Staff Academy in the degree of the Kombryga. Since February 1922, he has worked with Polish intelligence, in December of this year he returns to the country, here he is verified to the rank of lieutenant. Since June 1923, he has served with the police. Internated in September in Lithuania, it passes through Talinin and Riga, Bergen to the UK. He's fighting at Narvik. After the defeat of France through Portugal, it gets into Britain. In September 1941, he was assigned to the Self-Professor Brigade. Dropped into the country on 1 September 1942. He was among others the commander of the 3rd episode of "The Waver". Together with John Piwnik, "Pomory" organizes the reflection of Captain Alfred Paczkowski, "Vania". Delegated to the Delegation of the Government of Poland, he was head of the Investigation Service Central. At the same time, since June 1943, the commander of the "Podkowy" branch of the disposition which, until the outbreak of the Warsaw Uprising, executed 25 actions to liquidate agents and seizures. In the Warsaw Uprising commander of the 3rd Battalion 36 pp of the Academic Legion 28 DP named after Stefan Okrzea After the fall of the uprising in German captivity. As of May 1945 in the 1st Armoured Division of Gen. Maczek. After returning to the country in June 1947, he worked with the Unification of the Roszarnic Industry. Arrested on October 13, 1948, until June 26, 1952, he underwent an inhuman investigation in which he retained an uncompromising attitude. The conviction of the Provincial Court for the city of Warsaw of 26 June 1952 sentenced to death. 20 January 1953. Lost 20 January1953.
Decorated: Cross of Valour 3 times, Cross of Virtuti Militari V grade 19 September 1944.
Posthumously in 1957, acquitted and rehabilitated.
Polish president Lech Kaczyński awarded him posthumously the Commander's Cross of the Order of Polish Revival in 2006.
He is an example of the Cursed Soldier who did not participate in the Second Conspiracy and passed the martyr's way and death for serving the Homeland.
Major Jan Tabortowski "Bruzda" The last National Army officer to die in combat died on August 23, 1954.
The last National Army officer to die in combat was Major Jan Tabortowski ("Bruzda"). Lt. Jan Tabortowski was the deputy commander of the armored train "Danu-ta", fighting in Pomerania and over Bzura. erstwhile the crew destroyed the train, not wanting it to fall into the hands of the Germans, Lieutenant Tabortowski of the 75mm guns removed from "Danuta" organized a battery, at the head of which, for 2 days in the area of the Jackowice railway station close Łowicz stopped the German attacks. He capitulated after he ran out of ammo. 3 times injured, placed by the Germans in the infirmary in Warsaw, he escaped from it and started operations in the conspiracy. His brother Albert Tabortowski, an officer of 1 stake from Vilnius, was taken prisoner by russian forces. He went to Starobielsk, killed by a shot in the back of the NKVD building in Kharkov. Cf. (since August 1942, Captain, since March 1944, Major) "Bruzda" in the Home Army served in the Białystok District. Already in the autumn of 1939 he organized the SZP region - ZWZ Bielsk Podlaski, from July 1942 he was the chief of the Inspectorate III of Łomżyński, including Łomża and Grajewo circuits. A large organizer, he did a large occupation there, thanks to which the Inspectorate of Łomżyński moved out - in the field of armed forces building, moving combat and training - to the front of the district. In early January 1943, he and respective another officers were arrested by the Germans. He was the initiator of an escape from the prison in Łomża, which occurred on the night of 12 to 13 January. Thanks to the assistance of Polish guards he escaped with his deputy, the commandant of the Oblast of Łomża, Lieutenant Stanislaw Cieślewski ("Lipiec") and 2 another officers from the staff of the Inspectorate. After the escape of "Bruzda", unconspired in Łomża, was transferred to the post of Inspector of Inspectorate IV. He commanded respective guerrilla strikes on German opposition points, led respective races behind the border cordon to the area of the then East Prussia. He worked well with the Augustovian partisan. In the spring of 1944, in connection with the upcoming "Burza", Major "Bruzda" returned to the Łomżyński Inspectorate. During "Burza" he commanded his forces. At the head of the 600-man group OP 33 Łomżyńska pp fought over Narwa, inflicting large losses on Germany. In these fightings he was wounded twice. At the same time, he was superior to the 9-psk AK played by the Grajewo circuit, celebrated for his two-day conflict on the Red Swamps in the Grzędy - Osowe region. After the Red Army entered, he returned to the post of Inspector Łomżyński.
It was thanks to him that the Inspectorate of Łomżyński became 1 of the largest outbreaks of armed opposition against Sovietization in the country. There were strong forest troops, large-scale propaganda work, many brazen combat actions. And so, for example, in May 1945, the guerrillas massacred the UB and MO operating group in the village of Wyrzyki, killing almost 20 officers in the fight, freed all those arrested in the prison in Łomża, mastered Grajewo, where they besides broke up the prison and captured the office of the PUBP and the MO territory command. Most of specified actions - hard and crucial - were commanded by Major "Bruzda". This was until early 1947. In April, Major "Bruzda" came out, left the Łomżyńskie and went into the country to find a place for himself in a new, not wanted, but existing reality. no of these attempts came up.
In April 1949, at hazard of arrest, Major "Bruzda" returns to Łomżyńskie.
Several erstwhile soldiers of the AK and WiN gather around "Bruzdy". Among them his old comrade of arms "July" (now captain) and "Ravich" (Józef Ramontowski), erstwhile battalion commander (ViN division).
They fought for a fewer years. Well armed, they moved from place to place in the area of 3 districts: Grajewski, Łomżyński and Cologne. They were housed in excavated landmines in the forest, they were in villages, with hosts known to them from years of fighting.
They were the panic of overzealous mayors, chiefs, militias. They've been eliminating the bibles known for their cruelty. On March 27, 1952, Captain "July" was killed during a raid in Kolno County. Major "Bruzda" with respective people continued to wander around 3 counties. This continued, which is hard to believe, 2 years and 5 months. He died on August 23, 1954.
Polish president Lech Kaczyński awarded him posthumously the Commander's Cross with the star of the Order of Polish Revival.
Of the presented 12 "Cursed Soldiers" biographies, 2 of the highest rank were murdered straight by Soviets, 1 died in combat with them. The remaining 9 were murdered by the PPR and PZPR, a Moscow agent in this 2 were killed in the fight, 2 were murdered in the investigation, 5 people were murdered by court sentences. 2 did not participate in the Second Conspiration but became Cursed Soldiers due to their participation in the fight against Germany.
In only 1 case, the criminal conviction was annulled in the Polish People's Republic, in the remaining 4 communist systems accepted it to the end.
Of the 12 heroes presented, president Lech Wałęsa marked three, president Lech Kaczyński further 8 in this 1 for the second time, Sojczyński awarded a general nomination. For apparent reasons Kwasniewski did not recognise anyone. Among the criminals of the UB and the justice strategy of the PRL remained impunityless. That's why they're called MUCH. During the times of the Polish People's Republic they were doomed to forget, in the 3rd Polish Republic they were struck by a ,, thick line", only the large work of the IPN led by the man of this measurement as president Janusz Kurtyka and the greatness of president Lech Kaczyński made no political force dared to vote against the Act establishing the ,,,National Day of the Memory of the OLDERS" as a state holiday.
HONOR'S INSTITUTE.
Jerzy Scheur
