The decision to initiate the uprising was made under incomplete conditions, not unanimously, under force and without doubt. Is it correct to make assessments that blame only the London government or General Bora-Komorowski? This was a real nightmare in the face of the rapidly approaching front and unfortunately the commander clearly “wanted” to benefit from the experiences of planet War I. The Soviets openly inspired the outbreak of the uprising, simultaneously blocking aid from the Western Allies (land ban) and arresting AK troops going to the aid of Warsaw.
https://g0.gasetarawna.pl/p/_combined/files/1428000/1428578-stand-up-Warsaw-28-August.jpg (link is external)
The uprising aimed at taking over the capital by A.K. and strengthening in the eyes of the planet opinion the right and claims of the legal Government in London to represent and presume power in Poland in the face of Stalin's policy of facts on occupied Polish lands. The uprising, especially during the first period, was a kind of festival of Polishness, patriotism and “StateIt’s okay. ” There are voices that the uprising was the origin for which Stalin did not absorb Poland as a 17th republic, this is what the Union of Polish Patriots and W. Vasilewska at the head wanted, this thought was pushed by the influential widow of Feliks Zofia Dzierżinska. However, Stalin decided in the spring of 1943 to make a wreath of states “National” in Central and east Europe and completely submit to it. The intention of Polish leaders was to prevent the establishment of the Moscow PKWN in the capital.
Did the uprising erupt due to the fact that Gen. Bór succumbed to the moods of his own nation? Did he make a decision under the influence of bitter generals? Or as Colonel Dypl said. J. Bokschanin (‘Sęk’, ‘Wir’, KG A.K.):
"was it either recklessness or nerves not holding out"?
Not without meaning to choose the time “W“was the request of the Government Delegate Jankowski 24 hours (minimum 12 hours) before the Russians entered the installation of civilian power. Should the uprising be interrupted against German savagery and shootings, even without Kombatant rights? ( Declaration of the Governments of large Britain and the United States of August 29, 1944 on the designation of A.K. as allied troops, but the Soviets remained at “bandits with AKIt is not known whether or not you are taking advantage of me. The National Unity Council made a proposition to surrender around 10 September, but the Soviets approached Prague and were inactive counting on help.
Poles did not want anything unusual, on August 19, 1944 the uprising in Paris broke out, on August 24, 2nd Armoured Divisions entered Paris, the next day The Germans gave up. Could this generation, which took an unequal fight in 1939, not have taken the fight in August 1944, erstwhile the destiny of Poland was to decide for long years? Warsaw with the atmosphere of increasing terror, constant threats, continuous shootings, deportation to Germany, humiliating Poles in all possible situation, in counterbalance believed in the thought of revenge, the intent of justice, the thought of uprising, believing that the right time had come.
For years Warsaw has been the centre of resistance, the office of the A.K. Headquarters, the Council of National Unity, the Government Delegate, the capital of Poland Underground. There were about 50,000 organized soldiers, the largest force in the country, and it seemed logical to fight these forces with a beaten, retreating in disorder and panic from the German army, and specified was seen on 23, 24 and 25 July. The tension grew. The Germans fled Warsaw in a hurry. However, on 26 and 27 July the situation changed radically, the end of panic, already disciplined German units moved through Warsaw towards the east.
The Russians' actions towards the uprising, yet revealed their face to the Allied, Churchill called it the beginning “Cold WarIt’s okay. ” This is confirmed by German historian Hans von Krannhals, writing about the Warsaw Uprising:
“The Cold War between the East and the West began here and elsewhere.”
Stalin learned of the uprising on 2 August at 1.10 after midnight from the English General Staff, the dispatch included a request for help. Stalin (veteran of the failure of the 1920 war), knowing the plan "Burza" was an uprising surprised, but inactive on the same day issued a secret march. Rokossowski and the march. The horse to immediately halt the offensive at the front and only deal with strengthening the captured footholds. At the same time, he began dancing appearances with the Allies. He hoped that time would solve the situations in Warsaw as he intended. However, the decision to launch the uprising, stopping the russian offensive, decided on how much the German area would occupy the Russians and how much the Western Allies (despite erstwhile arrangements). By stopping the russian blitzkrieg the uprising saved the lives of hundreds of thousands of Germans and allowed them to flee west. In response, after the fall of the uprising, Germany began to implement the outdated Hitler concept of demolishing Warsaw, on which the ruins of the German city (GENERALPLAN OST) were to be built.
It should be admitted that, just as the Stalinist PKWN represented russian interests in the Poland seized by the Soviets, so the Polish Government in London was subjected to constant pressures of the agentry of allies, and even secret global organizations, which were represented by the closest associate of Gen. Sikorski “cousin of the devil’ Józef Rettinger (one of the fathers of the European Union). The celebrated Maurice Gomberg Map of October 1941 (i.e. before the U.S. entered the war!). Outline of post-war fresh planet maps. (link is external)
Gomberg's map already (fatally before Yalta, after Hitler's attack on Stalin) showed the future division of Europe into 2 spheres of influence: russian and American. So we see that Polish ambitions and desires to rebuild the Independent military or diplomatic effort did not have any chance under these circumstances.
In Italy, General Anders unequivocally judged the uprising to be a pointless demolition of Warsaw, its soldiers and civilians, calling the decision to start the uprising a crime. However, he had previously decided to strike against the well-defended ruins of Monte Cassino despite the negative opinion of the Chief Commander General Sosnkowski, who did not want a vain transfer of Polish blood on the already (for Poland) lost war (soon after that Sosnkowski had to leave). Sosnkowski himself went to the 2nd Corps before the uprising and did not decide to issue an order explicitly prohibiting the uprising.
Was there a different concept than the demolition of Warsaw and Warsaw, after any Germans wanted to put “wedge” between the Allies and leaving Warsaw with its London government, throw in a proverbial “rat“ Alliantom. This script resembles the 1918 version, with the release of Piłsudski to halt the russian Trotsky Revolution in Europe. In Warsaw, the Polish (from London) government supported by the West, under Stalin's nose, were specified concepts, but after the assassination on July 20 Hitler hardened his life, there were no volunteers to convince him.
When Roosevelt and Churchill and Stalin shared the spheres of influence in the fall of 1943 in Tehran, Poland in a political sense has already lost the war. For geographical reasons Poland was in the russian zone. The leaders of the nation, who conspired in the underground as well as those in London and in the ranks of troops in the outside world, knew what could be expected from the Soviets. Katyn, Siberia, the treacherous arrests associated with the Red Army of the AK units and the revealing underground authorities did not leave any understatements. Let us besides add that in the tradition of our western allies (formerly France, later England and America) there was this treatment of Poland as an allied element, to be played on the European chessboard. Poles should yet learn from their past with alliances that for English, French and American people we are just pawns in the game.
Poles lost the uprising, but they did their best, triumph could only be in the spiritual, moral sphere. This time there was no shame for Zaleszczyka, for the government and command escape. They fought to the end but couldn't win. As in their long history, in the uprisings: Kościuszkowski, November, January erstwhile the chances were frequently not greater, they knew what they were fighting for and for what values they would die for. Polish square circle.
However, the AK generalized in a dramatic situation failed, and accusing Stalin of deficiency of aid at least proves naivety and that the situation was overtaken by the AK commanders. Piłsudski with his instincts would say that they should “piss the chickens to drive’. By its decisions, the AK command led to the demolition of Warsaw and the demolition of the bravest of the sons of Warsaw (only all 6-10 insurgents were armed). Well, under diabolical circumstances, it's easy to make a tragic calculation...
In March 1945, Gen. Gehlen (later worked for the Americans), a prominent expert in Russia and the east theatre of action, completed a prepared 200-page survey for Himmler on organization, training, tactics, intelligence and communication of the National Army. Falling Germans wanted to learn the art of opposition and fighting under business from the best...
The Russians, like today, cared only for their imperial interests. All attempts to contact the Russians were unsuccessful (Soviet spies: Captain Konstanty Kaługin, Captain Ivan Kolos refused to send a message to the Red Army, or sent unanswered). Gen. “Monter” sent a radio station with Lieutenant “Mak” to the Russians, but the contact lasted only a fewer days. Stalin had another plans. On the phase of the millionth town, a decisive political act of Polish-Russian confrontation was to take place in order to yet set relations with the Russian pier. The uprising was besides a desperate effort to deny Stalin's accusations that the AK does not fight Germany, but only fights the russian guerrilla. Stalin powerfully refused to let landing of Allied aircraft making drop-offs for Warsaw. So we were digging with the horse. However, there are Poles who talk about Russians as liberators of Poland (?)
Gen. Okulicki (referring to the decision to start an uprising, formerly russian prisoner, alcoholic): ”We needed an act to shake the conscience of the worldIt’s okay. ” Almost the full city was destroyed, about 200,000 people died, museums, archives and libraries burned down. The uprising paradoxically, alternatively of interfering, helped the PKWN communists take power in Poland. The question is whether “extinguishing” the uprising, if it were possible at all, would not condemn thousands of Warsaw's AK soldiers to overheating in russian camps and chopping down Siberian forests? Who would then be blamed for not starting the Uprising?
Passive Stalin to the Uprising did his work at the silent approval of London and Washington (see Gomberg's map above). The fact that Hitler did Stalin's wet work in Warsaw does not change the imperialist russian conduct and tragedy of subsequent uprisings: Berlin 1953, Hungarian 1956, or Prague 1968. possibly this bloody sacrifice in Warsaw caused that there was no uprising in 1956 in Warsaw and was bloodless August 80? After all, Polish elites of state-genuine were murdered by both Polish-hating totalitarian German Nazi and Russian Bolshevik systems. It's time to realize that we're just surviving in a bandit neighborhood...
The uprising was the largest underground military action in occupied Europe, with about 50,000 insurgents fighting. Planned for respective days, it lasted 2 months, 18,000 insurgents died, and about 25,000 were injured. about 180,000 civilian residents of Warsaw died, remaining 500,000 The Germans drove out of Warsaw and the city (approximately 85%) was practically demolished.
Let us honor the victims and participants of the Warsaw Uprising!
Jacek K. Matysiak California, 2023
