UNIVERSITY OF BIRDS
The Janovian Camp in Lviv
In 1941, the erstwhile Steinhaus mill device mill in Lviv, ul. Janowska 134 (now Taras Shevchenko 134) was taken over by the German company Deutsche Ausrustungswerke (DAW). The Germans shortly formed a forced labour camp at the plant. In July 1942.]]> facility ]]>She went under SS management and was converted into a concentration camp in the fall. Due to its advanced mortality and exceptional cruelty to prisoners, in post-war literature the Janowski camp is frequently referred to as the "University of the Goons", the death camp, in which more than 200 1000 prisoners were brutally murdered, not only Jews.In 1945 – 1948 Michał Maksymilian Borwicz (Boruchowicz) developed a book about the Janowski camp "University of the Goons". The book was published by the Provincial Historical Commission in Krakow in 1948. Since then, the release has not resumed. The author of the survey "University of Goons" in 1942-43 was a prisoner ]]>Janowski camp]]> - the alias ‘Ilian’, where he escaped. After escaping the camp, he acted in ]]>partisan]]> under Sigmund. This improvement is the only historical paper of the existence of Janowski camp written by a witness of history. Unfortunately, the Janowski camp has not been dealt with by Polish historians, and the historical studies of judaic historians concerning the "university of thugs" are not known. There are not even monographic studies. All it is known is that not only Jews died in that camp. The Lviv Jews initially undertook work at DAW plants voluntarily due to the protection resulting from employment in the German industry. In time, the Germans began to direct workers appointed by the judaic Council (Judenrat) and captured in street traps. As of 1942, groups from Jews from another localities, including Przemyśl and Drohobych, began to be brought to Janowski's camp. After selection, Germany left only strong and healthy men able to work. A women's ward was established in the camp in March 1943. The number of prisoners was fluctuating. The origin materials preserved only information about the camp's population as at 1 March 1943 - at Janowska Street there were 15,000 Jews. A barracks complex was built in September 1941 and the camp area was surrounded by a barbed wire barrier with defender towers. Surveillance over the camp was entrusted to SS officers, assisted by Ukrainian guards (trained Wachmans). The Germans directed mainly the Jews to Janowski's camp, whom the Judenrat of the Lviv ghetto indicated. The judaic police in beating and tormenting the judaic unfortunates of the Janów camp performed Schutzpolizei. On occasion judaic police beat unfortunate judaic prisoners on their heads while kicking into genitals. This German college of thugs can be called the “Jewish Higher School of Maltretting”, the faculty of the German “University of Brutes”, says Michał Maximilian Borwicz “University of Brutes” (ed. Kraków 1948).
The prisoners were accommodated in wooden barracks, deprived of sanitary and heating infrastructure. Long, collective bunks, without blankets and sheets, served as a place to sleep. The deficiency of sanitation was a major problem. For respective 1000 prisoners, fewer latrines and washrooms were allocated. The ubiquitous dirt combined with lice and exhaustion of prisoners were the causes of many diseases, including typhoid epidemics. For a time, selected patients were hospitalized in the city. Later, a infirmary block was created in the camp as a de facto dying cell, without medicine and appropriate equipment. The bereaved were gradually shot.
Daily rations included a condition of bread weighing about 15 dkg, cereal coffee and watery soup to prepare which cabbages, croup or potatoes were used. These were meals with small calorie, which did not let prisoners to regenerate their strength.
Prisoners were utilized to work in camp workshops, to repair war equipment. The average regular working time was 10-12 hours.
Often after the end of the authoritative "day" The Germans forced prisoners to do meaningless, exhausting activities, consisting of moving building materials - bricks, beams and boards - from place to place, with the work having to be done on the run.
There was panic in the camp. The order of the day was severe beatings, immediate executions, and torture. The SS tortured and murdered prisoners in various ways - during frosts they hung them by their legs for hours, ordered them to stand bare or kept them in barrels with cold water. Prisoners were shot, strangled. Periodic selections were carried out during which the Germans separated the sick and exhausted. They were shot close the camp, in the alleged Valley of Death. Philip Friedman wrote in his book "The Holocaust of Lviv Jews" about selections in Janowski camp:
"Every time respective 1000 campers were taken to Sands for execution. The "selection" for this kind of "action" usually took place in a very simple way. The alleged "death course" was organised. A mass of moving convicts were bet on both sides with an SS-man's spatter, who, running, replaced their legs or rifles, beat them on their heads, shot them, etc. Whoever stumbled and fell down - was put aside, to a previously prepared group of "repeated losers" - i.e. sick people, cripples and exhausted human shreds - and went along with them to the killing place on the Sands.
Camp Janowski belonged during the business to places of German mass crimes, cruel crimes, which were known outside the nearest area of Lviv by comparatively fewer and not many.
Camp Janowski surpassed another methods and the spread of crimes, a punishment that was (for German criminals), a kind of omnipotent of crime, a higher university of sadism and cruelty, seldom found in the historical past of murders, erstwhile the notion of genocide (genocide) did not yet exist.
The “Professors” of the gruesome survey recruited from the most prominent specialists of the Katowice craftsmanship, raised in the notorious Jakdkommando (name of the extraordinary brigade derived from the name of the “stagger suitable exclusively for killing) of the “doctor” Dirlenwanger.
36th SS Grenadier Division "Dirlewanger" was a unit ]]>Waffen-SS]]> composed primarily of criminals recruited in ]]>German]]> prisons and ]]>concentration camps]]> under ‘dra’ ]]>Oskar Dirlewanger]]>. It has accomplished countless ]]>war crimes]]> in the back ]]>Eastern front during planet War II]]>, characterized by exceptional cruelty. Her activities took the lives of at least 60,000 people, most of whom were civilians.
One of the well-known activists of the SS movement "Doctor" Dirlewanger – a non-uk who received an honorary doctorate at 1 of the universities in Germany at the order of the Gestapo, raised for a long time in his Jagdkommando sixty choice executioners. They were all in their own time – before they were sent to German extermination camps – presented personally to Hitler.
Ten of them came to Janowski's camp. Under the strict management of specified “disciples” were educated in Janowski camp by another degenerates. Many of the oppressors who wrote down the bloodiest pages in the past of another German extermination camps and prisons held a “studio” there, or came there to execute “training courses”. The enrage of the occupiers took on incredible proportions. The victims couldn't be murdered twice, they needed a sophisticated life of torture. And death will make the punishment terrible. This was the task of the “jan” executioner, and the camp perpetrators fulfilled it 100 percent.
The Lviv knew the incredible reality of Janowski camp from prisoners going to work outside the camp. Camp at Janowska 134 was a kind of training courses for sophisticated torturers, commandants and caretakers sent later to another camps. Here, under professional guidance, torturers have been educated, seeking specified ways of murder, which would inflict as much suffering as possible on convicts in addition to death. Here people were swept through their bellies with a blunt stick, frozen in a barrel of water, here Germans showed plays by shooting at children thrown up or chopping them with axes in half, as the trunk of a tree is torn apart.
Camp in Janowska was a university of beastry, but Majdanek, Oświęcim, Dachau, or Buchenwald – were in the comparative rank of the same beastry, whose primary school is to rise German, German training to kill at the higher school of the murders of the "University of the Goons".
18 November 1943. The Germans executed all prisoners of Janowski camp. Strong police units surrounded the camp with a tight cordon. The prisoners were gathered at the appeal square, from which groups were led to Piaski and shot there. judaic workers from another forced labour camps in Lviv were then brought to Janów. They were besides murdered in Sands.
Beginning in mid-1943. The Germans gradually tried to cover up the traces of the crime. Created from judaic prisoners, the alleged Death Brigade under the watchful eye of Sonderdienst branch officers No. 1005 dug up and burned the bodies of the murdered. On 20 November 1943, members of the Brigade resisted. Most of them were killed, fewer escaped.
Camp Janowski operated until mid-1944. There were respective 100 Poles and Ukrainians and a tiny group of judaic people caught in the city.
Notable prisoners
]]>Maurice Allerhand]]> - Polish lawyer, killed in the camp,
]]>Adolf Beck]]> - Polish neurophysiologist, committed suicide,
]]>Frederick Kleinman]]> - Polish painter,
]]>Emanuel Szlechter]]> – an outstanding Polish poet, screenwriter and songwriter, including the movie song "I Dated Her for the 9th", murdered with my wife and children,
]]>Maurice Szymel]]> - poet, murdered,
]]>Deborah Vogel]]> - a writer, murdered with his husband architect Shulim Barenblüth,
]]>Simon Wiesenthal]]> - a later German murderer's tracker.
Documents, sources, quotations:
Michał Maksymilian Borwicz "University of thugs" (ed. Kraków 1948)
]]>http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ob%C3%B3z_Janowski]]>
]]>http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Getto_lwowski]]>
]]>http://www.lwow.com.pl/semper/zagla.html]]>
]]>http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael%C5%82_Maximilian_Borwicz]]>
