Extremely left-wing projects seeking to restrict freedom of speech utilizing pejorative terms of "heyt" and "hate speech" will not improve the quality of public debate. On the contrary, the online discredit and propaganda manufacture is developing well with them, deepening the devastation of political culture and pulling out an ever-increasing part of social activity from the real world.
Poles are not geese, but would they not like to be like Americans? Heyt is 1 of many words “imported” into English. In simple translation, it means “hate”, while in the literature of the media, it has already earned a separate definition. Piotr Sztompka in 2016 [“Social capital. The explanation of the interpersonal space] wrote about the hatred of others, haters calling them “hatemakers”. But the declared feminist Paulina Mikula continues, who states in the publication “Speaking differently” that hatred is not the same as hate, and that it may be a simple attack, specified as calling individual “an annoying toad”.
For many years, there have been processes in Western countries of instrumentalizing the notion of hatred and limiting freedom of speech through legal repression. The word “talk of hatred” is usually identified with hate, although both terms should be distinguished, not only due to the peculiar politicisation of the former.
The boundary between linguistics and ideological conflict is increasingly crossing leftist politicians, manipulating government in specified a way as to facilitate the implementation of the revolutionary social agenda. Marcin Jendrzejczak noted in his "Polonia Christiana" [“Between blasphemy and speech of hatred”] that in a number of countries widely regarded as liberal democracies, there was a removal of the codex to punish blasphemy and the criminalisation of the widely understood hatred speech.
Oligopol 2 names: Facebook and Google
However, until Poland is the victim of these quasi totalitarian legal procedures, then the Polish net user will have many opportunities to observe and participate in astonishing phenomena. Although the celebrated Facebook has long won a regulation of activity, a temporary ban, or even the removal of the account for the “talk of hatred”, this does not give emergence to legal sanctions in relation to who most frequently simply enjoys freedom of expression. Often, the alleged vices commenting on virtual reality escape the attention of moderation or bypass the regulations of these services.
Yeah, Facebook... The Google and Facebook oligopol is simply a fact, these corporations have gained a crushing advantage on the network, not only through the acquisition of net users "a new, wonderful world" of social media and mobile applications, but besides by actions that hit freedom of competition. simply mention Facebook's acquisition of WhatsApp communicator, or the entry of Google products into mobile device operating systems.
As a result, we are faced with a situation where, according to Gemius Megapanel, Google, along with YouTube, has more than 19 million entries per day, while Facebook has almost 8 million. For comparison, the full group of portals belonging to Virtual Poland has 6.9 million entries, the Onet-RAS group – 6 million, and the Interii group – 4.3 million. It is not surprising, therefore, that electoral campaigns, which are increasingly and more widespread on the Internet, are mainly held on Facebook, YouTube and Twitter.
Internet to adult tv brother, i.e. election run all over
A simple political campaign, consisting of presenting its own programs, postulates, electoral slogans, is simply a memory of the 20th century. Now it's faster, more relative, sharper, more aggressive and more cunning. Political rivalry in the network becomes a kind of art, for which not only organization staffers stand, but besides more or little organized supporters.
When in spring 2015 the candidate of Law and Justice for the president of the Republic of Poland Andrzej Duda gained support in polls at the expense of Bronisław Komorowski fighting for re-election, he not only travelled around Poland, including fiery speeches ending with calls in the kind of "the future is called Poland!" He was besides powerfully present in the network – in the form of news, gossip, memes, demotivators, “massacrusing” reposts in short video clips and ambiguous gifs. All of them scored, mainly by contrast with the image of the President-in-Office's next setbacks.
So what if Adam Jarubas besides looked like a “cool guy” erstwhile he practically didn't be on Excavation, Facebook and Twitter? Did anyone put his wife and Mrs. Komorowska on 1 graphic? Did anyone compare it to Francis J. Underwood with the beating home of Cards series popularity records? These are questions as brutal and ethically questionable as realistic.
In this broader context, it is possible to read the action of discrediting judges in social media revealed by Onet. If the actions described have occurred in general, in which Deputy Minister Łukasz Piebiak and justice Jakub Ivaniec ordered a single individual on Twitter to conduct actions compromising judges openly criticizing the Law and Justices, it is worth asking about the credibility and instrumental value of specified actions. Single-action (?) and chaotic sending of correspondence does not match typical propaganda activities, appearing in social media for respective years. Following Polish “socialists”, specified profiled actions can be identified and described. Here are any of the many methods used.
Function of groups in discredit campaigns
The outbreak of popularity of social groups resulted in a multitude of initiatives and professionalization of the resulting transmission. On Facebook, there were not only full perfect families, grouping unconnected people, but besides communities focused on ideological postulates and program slogans. Thus, it is possible to find freedomists supporting Janusz Korwin-Mikke, as well as his opponents, to join a group of extremist local environmentalists, as well as a akin group with a nationwide profile. 1 can join a large community of liberal Catholics, a more average 1 centered around Shustak's father, or a typical conservative-Catholic group. It is from these micro environments that a highly valuable political message emerges, they are besides through vulnerability in the open space of Facebook and cooptation of friends, recruiting more members.
Closed groups, with a sufficiently advanced number of moderators, are utilized to identify attack objects, temporary and timely coordination of actions, to establish a propaganda content framework, or to supply support for each other's counterattacks. You can besides get valuable information, advice and even legal assistance without beginning a search engine.
Facebook's particularity was besides the appointment and usage of counterattack groups resembling first initiatives. Created from scratch by PiS supporters, the “Committee for Democracy Defence” group attracted fans of the “total opposition”, channelling their activity and discouraging them. Troller work was fueled by discussions to the illusion of internautics talking about breaking the constitution and destroying the independency of the judiciary.
Hello, police? Come to Facebook!
If the bull has besides much energy in it, can it catch it like that? The method of mass sending various complaints to the Facebook administration (effective besides on Twitter) has become peculiarly popular among left-wing troll groups. They usage informal directives and the left-wing explanation tendencies of Facebook moderators, who, under increased force illustrated by respective 100 applications (what is this about the scale of the service?!) are inclined to remove or distribute individual penalties.
The celebrated "standards of the Facebook community", or a conglomerate of general guidelines, with which moderators can deal in almost any way, most frequently make problems for right-wing activists, but this is not an iron regulation either. If the contravened subgroup of trolls without ostentation begins to visit the opposing parties, utilizing to imitate their more political line of "politically incorrect" wordings, and the second subgroup will focus on reporting the moderation of these content as incompatible with standards (the most cases can be raised against the charge of individual attack or attack on a circumstantial identity group), then political opponents advising the organization may be in trouble.
Hybrid attacks based on observation
Social networks, especially Facebook and Instagram, let you to track the activity of circumstantial sites and get notifications erstwhile fresh entries appear on these sites. This functionality is besides utilized in discredit or impact campaigns.
Upon receiving announcement of a fresh Facebook post, the observer shall check its content and, if the decision to take the action is made, inform the group quickly. The activity inspired by the group is then directed at comments under the post. The first troll for the sleep moderation of the page comments in an opposition but average manner. all another trolling comment is getting more radical. The best of the comments – the most mocking text or graphic (gif, meme, peculiar characters) – is obtained from commentators and waiting trolls. All this, spread over respective minutes from the publication of the post, allows to increase the scope of the post, but presented already with the best scoring and the same distinguished comment.
Effects? Degeneration of public space
The above sketches are only a fragment of the description of this part of the public space we see on smartphones and laptops. The revolutionary processes in mass culture have imposed on the technological improvement of networks and penetrated the ethically and economically unstable strategy of liberal democracy. The oligopolistic nature of social media along with their liberal-left ideological superstructure, prompt political parties and their iron electorates to fit into the framework of a crude, gaudy political discourse. This is 1 of the main reasons why the net space is increasingly filled with worthless content, and consequently feeds on aberrations and permanent pursuit of novelty.
electoral campaigns in the network will not become valuable by penalising hatred speech. The ideological structure of this postulate can only exclude any of its participants from the run and accelerate the revolutionary transformation of social media. It would be naive to consider that these cultural changes are not reflected in social reality. They find it, with a miserable effect for future generations.
Dr. Paul Momro
