Historical calendar: anniversary of the passed by the post-war parliament of the Act on Amnesty for inactive hidden members of the underground of independence.
Today, in our calendar, we will look at what the communist “access to consent” looked like.
On January 19, 1947, the elections to the Legislative Sejm took place. They were falsified and utilized to formalize the communist government in Poland. At the first session of the Sejm, which was convened for 4 February 1947, Bolesław Bierut was elected president of the Polish Republic. On February 19, a small Constitution was passed, which introduced russian constitutional designs to the legal order. On the same day, the Legislative Sejm began considering the plan of another amnesty.
February 22, 1947 The Sejm passed The Amnesty Act. The legal act introduced a remission of sentences for sentenced to sentences of up to 5 years in prison, a half simplification for sentenced to sentences of 5 to 10 years and a 1/3 simplification for sentenced to sentences of more than 10 years in prison. Death or life sentences were converted to 15 years in prison. The condition for underground soldiers to get amnesty was voluntary abandonment of underground activities and to appear before safety authorities.
The implementation of the Amnesty Act was entrusted to the Ministry of Public Security. Already on 23 February, the first State Amnesty Commissions were established, which were located at the Regional Public safety Offices. Amnesty was in force for 2 months, from February 25 to April 25, 1947. There is no provision for an extension.
All those who joined the disclosure were obliged to take the view of their weapons and to complete a questionnaire in which they had to supply their organisational affiliation, alias and another applicable information. These data were collected by the safety authorities and carefully analysed. With this information, the communist panic apparatus could then work out those who did not usage amnesty and decided to proceed fighting.
As a consequence of the passed amnesty from the underground of independence, 53,517 people came out. Of the 23,257 people held in prisons and detentions, any were released, and any were reduced. Amnesty included a full of 76,774 people.
The Communist actions caused the majority of the conspiracy organizations to be revealed, which importantly weakened the actions of those who remained underground. The fight against communists has ceased to be mass. After the alleged disclosure in guerrilla troops, there remained between 1,100 and 1,800 soldiers.
At the turn of 1947–1948 the last nationwide conspiracy command was broken up. any regional grids survived until 1951–1952. After 1950 more than 40 guerrilla troops were operating, 240-400 guerrillas were fighting in their ranks. In 1953, camera officers managed to destruct the last armed forces. In the forest, they remained hiding alone or in 2-3-member patriot groups who, however, no longer usually fought actively.
A large proportion of those who came out in 1947 were again arrested in the following years, sentenced to prisons and death penalty. Most of them have been watched for the remainder of their lives, and have had various difficulties in the workplace, etc.
Previous entry from our calendar is available Here.
