The investigator Dr. Karol Leszczyński looks at childless women in Poland. The increasing number of women who do not plan on offspring is the consequence of many factors, including mediocre material position or inability to find a suitable partner.
Dr Karol Leszczyński examined the factors affecting childlessness in Poland. The investigator and author of the study "The Causes of Childlessness and Low Fertility in Poland" identified respective possible areas. First, childlessness is due to migration, breakup and deficiency of acquaintance. It turns out that becoming a parent makes it more hard to decision far distant — more than 100 km from the home. Travels abroad and removals for professional and educational purposes seem to have a large influence.
Second, household past and patterns raised from home. Women raised in full families have a better chance of becoming a mother. Father plays an crucial role. It has been shown that Poles who grow up without a father are little frequently mothers. Among possible factors of childlessness are the experience of a violent parent or alcoholism in the family. This is due to fear of being alone, without partner support. What seems interesting is that women who had a better chance of becoming mothers were women whose fathers did not get into another relation after the divorce, and those whose mothers had another relationship.
Another area focuses on the working life of parents. According to the report, if the parent of the responsive worked 8 hours a day or less, chances of the responsive herself becoming a parent are increasing. But if the parent of the responsive worked more than 8 hours a day, the chances of the responsive becoming the parent are falling. It is crucial that the responsive has siblings, whether they have children, the stableness of their parents’ work and the absence of a divorce from their parents before the age of 7.
Another origin is the inability to find the right partner. The results of the answers to the above questions indicate that the hypothesis of seeking a "right" partner is correct. Women who can build long-term relationships frequently choose little educated men and become mothers than those who cannot build long-term relationships with men. Childless women are more likely to be single and find their first permanent mate at a later age.
Lack of sense of security, poverty, low earnings mention strictly to the economical situation. The results of the analysis prove that childless women frequently indicate that their household home was affected by unemployment in the 1990s. The question is whether this is the direct or indirect origin of this phenomenon. The unstable financial situation led to a decrease in fertility rate in Poland in the 1990s. Women who are born in families with financial problems may be in a group of people who are exposed to the problem of alcoholism in the household and who have siblings little frequently (which besides affects the perception of motherhood). Women who are mothers frequently declare that their household was able to afford a vacation, buy a car, clothes, go to the cinema or pay courses and tutoring for children. Another interesting subject is the housing situation in childhood. Childrenless Polish women frequently had their own room, and mothers shared it with another householders.
The last question under investigation focused on the claim that childlessness is due to a tiny network of contacts. It turns out that there is simply a grain of fact in it. Women who are mothers were 4 times more active in volunteering (19.2%) than those who were not mothers (5.6%). engagement in not all organizations increases the chances of becoming a mother. This is crucial in the case of school/studental government, scouting, spiritual community and another social organisations, as well as tiny in the case of the club/sports organisation. According to the report, this may be due to the fact that training and competitions usually take place by gender.
The hypothesis that childlessness is due to continuous investment in development, education and work was rejected. It turns out that among respondents there were no crucial differences in favour of childless women, and more frequently women with children work more often, and somewhat more frequently after school they raised their qualifications of childless women.
