Bydgoszcz diary No. 157 of July 13, 1938.
Some articles prescribed by AI (I did not check compliance).
New tightening between Prague and Berlin.
The policy of Czech dictatorship is causing anger in Germany.Berlin, 12.7. (PAT).
Monday's press is very categorically against this Hoja tactics, observing abroad that it would not be allowed to be taken on a lop of Czech propaganda, talking about a wide scope of national statutes.
The Czechs do not want to give autonomy to minorities.
Mor. Ostrava, 12. 7. (PAT). As a consequence of the permanent postponement of the final settlement of the number issue and the issue of the national statute in the Czech coalition press, there is simply a clear feeling of anger. The press mostly counts for rejection of the statute by the sudecco-German party. On the another hand, usually well-informed "Lidove Noviny" from Brno, they emphasise with all certainty that any discussion on nationality autonomy is unacceptable. Self-government may be referred to in terms of the self-execution of laws in general in certain circumstantial areas and within certain legal limits, but it is not possible to discuss territorial or national autonomy, which would mean duality in the State. At the same time, the communist “Ostravesky Deinicky Denik” states that not only the Sudeco-German demands of Henlein cannot be the basis for discussion, but even any points of the prepared statute, concerning the enlarged national self-government, rise very serious objections in that Communist journal.
Czech-German radio war.
Berlin, 12.7. (PAT). The Vienna and Berlin press reports that the Czechoslovak government has launched a radio station in Moravia that hinders the transmissions of the Vienna radio station. ‘Angriff’ so states that even in the event that the Viennese station can be suppressed, it is unfounded to presume that specified obstacles may separate the blood ties between the Germans on either side of the border.
Prof. Kot declares that masonry has nothing to do with it.
Kraków, 12. 7. (Tel. wł.) prof. Stanisław Kot sent the Polish Agrarne Agency the following statement: “The reviews of Mr.L.K. in “Politics”, repeated by most press, gave my name among expected masons on the basis of alleged catalogues, announced by Masonists. Without meddling in the discussion of masonry in the journals, I would like to say with the emphasis that I have never and nowhere participated in any free-sea organisation, either straight or indirectly. At the invitation to join the Masons, addressed to me by my time from an ideological-political environment, to which Mr L. K. belongs, I replied with no reply."
About 2,300 masons in Poland?
There are seemingly incomprehensible things happening in Poland. Here, Mr Budzyński of the Sławka Group on 19 February, demanded that respective advanced government officials be prosecuted (under Article 135 k.) for belonging to the Masonry, and thus to prohibited secret unions. Among another things, he mentioned Sigismund Dworzan. The prosecution was not prosecuted, and Mr Zygmunt Dworzanczyk was promoted to manager of the department in the Ministry of Social Welfare. Another alleged Mason, Kosciałkowski, was known to have been married to a judaic woman. fresh interview at the Sejm. Let's not ask about the effect. The government is doing just as much about it as it did last year's snow.
At the same time, we received news that the Minister of Social Welfare dismissed the chief of the Polish department, and in his place appointed a Jew, already loud Birnbaum.
These facts were met by a alternatively loud article in the young and conservative “Politics” (formerly “Young Bunt”) entitled “A fewer comments on masonry in Poland”. The author signed with L. K. Many people think and openly say that it is Mr Leon Kozłowski, the erstwhile Prime Minister, not only the "distinguished politician", as he calls him "Politics", but the man who unfortunately held a prominent political position for besides long. He never fought Masonry erstwhile he had power in his hand. He began it now, even erstwhile he and Ozone were divided. It besides does not spare the governing wheels, but the blade of the attack directed at the opposition. He claims that among the opposition there are representatives of the Grand East lodge (French rite) and that there are about 350. He mentions the names of Prof. St. Stroński, Paderewski, General Sikorski, prof. Kot and Marshal Rataj (all of them from the People's Party). The steering wheels in Poland belong, according to Mr.L.K., to the Scottish Lodge (English rite). There are about 1000 members in Poland, but no names are mentioned by the author, but in uniform. Besides, there were already seizures on this background. Depending on the English Freemasonry are Rotary Clubs and YMCA, and the French League for the Defence of Human Rights and Citizen (the French hebrew Basch is headed). Finally, there is simply a purely judaic lodge Jude Judah. Together, they all perceive to the guidance of the large Masonian Council, although they are “on the ground” fighting each other. About the mystery in the lodges the revelations of Mr. L. K. bring nothing new, due to the fact that we long know the mystery of the masonry surrounding its organization.
P. L. K. claims that the materials were derived from Masonic catalogues, which are easy available in libraries and archives, and that "he will tell more erstwhile it comes time to print Masonic catalogues" in Poland. May this happen as shortly as possible and may Mr.L(eon) K(ozłowski) keep his word!
It is incomprehensible for us to say that:
"Since 1930, Marshal Piłsudski began eliminating Scottish influences, and the introduction of the Constitution was to be the final removal of Scottish influences on the life of Poland. Death has stopped this work."
(Continues)
...that is why Mr L. K. does not explicitly indicate those provisions which would justify a akin intention.
The Conservative ‘Time’ referring to the article by Mr L. K. says:
"If p. (L. K.) claims that the leaders of the positions in Poland are masons and if it gives us the impression that their names are in these authoritative Masonic catalogues published in Geneva, then we must turn to the ruling factors with the most categorical request to print the full issue. After all, what he wrote in his article p. (L. K.) is simply a terrible accusation of the ruling group, an accusation all the more dense that it did not come out of the pen of any third-rate nobody unknown and chasing a inexpensive sensation of a journalist, but that it was formulated by a prominent politician, a man who late held the highest positions in the state hierarchy, so a man who surely knew secret affairs and knew what he claimed. This is more than a loud interpelling by Mr Budzyński about belonging to the masonry of any unincorporated officials, that is, the accusation cast against the leading figures of the regime. And that should be explained.
The case of these catalogues, to which p. (L. K.) is referred, should be displayed as rapidly as possible, their authenticity thoroughly examined, the names which appear in these catalogues published. And no substance whose names they are, the minister or the referee, the political leader or the average pawn.
When it comes to opposition politicians, whom Mr. (L. K.) accuses of belonging to the masonry, they can be left with concern for explaining this allegation. However, erstwhile it comes to the charge concerning those who stay in the head office of state service, the authority must step in. This should be dealt with by the Minister of Justice, immediately implementing a vigorous investigation. The public will look forward to its initiation and outcome."
For us, with large anticipation. The Polish people have the right to know what influences they have in Poland, which are incomprehensible to them.
Failed revelations by B. Prime Minister about opposition masons.
Mr. L. K. threatens to compromise.
Warsaw, 12. 7. Massonian Master's revelations (L. K.) sparked a rather lively reaction in the press and public opinion.
He hung up, as the “Kurier of Poland” writes, perceptible to almost compatible 2 postulates: so that the author of the large master (L. K.) lifted the helmet in chivalry and told us his name.
so that you (L. K.) do not wait for “the future time” but immediately print in front of all the names of the masons in “drivers” positions in Poland.
There is concern that these demands will not be met. The surrounding of you (L. K.) sought to guarantee that the full country knew that the author of the Masonic revelation was General Leon Kozłowski and that he was hiding under the letters (L. K.). The opinion rightly demands that p. (L. K.) appear from the reserved letters and in his own name mention the names, and take full work for his revelations.
We do not see any obstacle to which the charter of public activities of b. Prime Minister and Senator Kozłowski should not be recorded in the events of the expedition against the "children of widows" and "brothers in aprons".
The announcement of the names of the masons in “drivers” in Poland has simply become an indispensable necessity. And this announcement immediately.
This is all the more essential due to the fact that the "masons" of the opposition published so far deny categorically that they belong to the Masonry. Among the “masons” mentioned by the Prime Minister Kozłowski from the large East lodge is the name of the excellent Polish student and prominent activist of the People's organization Prof. Stanisław Kot. (Professor Kota's message is posted elsewhere.)
Prof. Kota's message is an event of large importance. B. Prime Minister Kozłowski mentioned, as we reported, 5 names in general as expected Masons. We remind you that these are names: Paderewski, Gen. Sikorski, b. Marshal Rataj, Prof. Stroński and Prof. Kot. Of the above mentioned, only Prof. Kot considered it advisable to make a message that contradicted the fact of the large Prime Minister.
This message is adequate to shake the full accusation of Prime Minister Kozłowski. Since p. (L. K.) “he saw” in the catalog of members of the large East the name of prof. Kot, who is not a masonry at all, then society must question all the large prime minister and put a question mark over them.
Under these conditions, the author of the large must present evidence of the veracity of his findings. Otherwise, he's in danger of being compromised.
B. Prime Minister Kozłowski has the floor. A full society awaits him eagerly.
What will it end with?
Klaipeda is influenced by German-Lithuanian hatred.
Riga, 12.7. (PAT). They study from Klaipeda: The large tension in Klaipeda does not stop. In the press, the manager of the Land of Klaipeda announced explanations about the events of June 4, 21 and 28 in the port of Klaipeda. The Communication states that the port and border police as well as the Lithuanians themselves are to blame for the regrettable occurrence. The Lithuanian press expresses outrage about this, stating the explanations of the directorate as biased. At the same time, the press communicates that the authoritative spheres express the hope that the Lithuanian authorities will keep peace and refrain from any polemics that may be utilized by the enemies of Lithuania.
The investigation into the 28 June incidental is over. 2 cases have been brought forward: the occurrence of the arrival of the Prussen vessel and the arrival of the Hansestadt Danzig vessel. The outrage at the conduct of the autonomous police among the Lithuanian population was so large that after 28 June, she did not see police officers on the streets of Klaipeda who avoided the Lithuanian response.
Yesterday all Lithuanian bookstores in Klaipeda were visited by autonomous police officials and confiscated photographs of the victim from 28 June, Litwin Kontaukas, who was known to have been killed. These photographs were issued by Kontaukas' colleagues and the organization of Lithuanian youth in Klaipeda and had the inscription “Let the earth be light to you for the sacrifice of life you have offered on the altar of your homeland.”
Poland's trade relations with Lithuania.
Kerosene, coal and iron for beckos and seeds.
Horse, 12.7. (PAT). The Lithuanian press provides a draft regulation of Polish-Lithuanian trade relations, which will be the basis of the meetings to be held in Warsaw in 18 B.C. between Polish and Lithuanian delegations. The turnover between the 2 countries is expected to be 25 million litres per year. Lithuania is to buy oil, iron, coal and manufacturing in Poland. In contrast, Poland is expected to import casks from Lithuania for export purposes and any seeds. Possible differences in the balance sheet would be equalized by Poland's logging of wood materials from logging in Vilnius.
The Viennese Socialists have prepared an anslush.
(By his own correspondent, The Bydgoszcz Journal)
Paris, July. Under the wall of the Communists at Père Lachaise Cemetery, Otto Bauer's coffin was laid to the ground. The large leader of the socialist Austrian masses, a man who was a power 10 years ago, died in exile, in misery, having survived the terrible defeat of this movement, which he led for many years. And this Paris ceremony brings much reflection, possibly contrary to the authoritative voices of the local socialist press, but who knows whether they are not utilizing a more legitimate word of history, judging impartially those figures who were the main origin of Austria's collapse today. At the same time, it is simply a classical example of how the method of judging the course of accidents with respect to only their own organization is avenged in politics, and what is more, how disastrous it is for the organization itself to be guided by the circumstances of the minute only and not to draw all the consequences for the future.
Two faces of Otto Bauer.
Otto Bauer was at the end of his life a fanatical supporter of Austrian independence. Until his last days, he stood on the bastion of the fight against the 3rd Reich, which pulled out her tentacles after Vienna, fought Nazi and pangermanism. A large author – he threw quite a few arguments in defence of freedom, peace, safety of Europe. In the long post-war period, there was no greater supporter of anshulus, a larger salesman of “a combination of a comic border” like Otto Bauer. And no 1 more than him contributed to the construction of this series of facts that had to lead to the tragedy of March 11, 1938.
Contrary to the general belief, the separatist aspirations in Austria immediately after the war were strong among both peasant layers and among the bourgeois intelligence. erstwhile the front over Piava broke down – the old Babenberg colours appeared in Vienna. The eternal social psyche, this, the differences of centuries of tradition, expected memories of wars with Prussia – all of this consisted of a strong sense of separateness of Alpine countries. Very characteristic is the small known item that the first "ansculus" efforts that appeared in Tyrol in 1919, proclaimed the slogan of the merger not with Germany – but with Switzerland.
Criminal Socialist mistakes.
On the another hand, supporters of Austria's quickest incarnation to the Reich – were the Vienna socialists. In Germany, there was a powerful second international. The centre was poorly opposed, the right-wing parties were not popular. It seemed to the leaders of socialism that the aid that was provided by proletarian Vienna would be conclusive. For this reason, both in their own and global territory, they put forward the same argument of anshulus, which their opponents later took over with stenographic accuracy.
It was the first immense mistake of the Austrian socialist party. He's been followed by another. Christian-democratic parties have offered socialists their participation in government. No 1 another than the superb Austrian Chancellor, Fr Seipel, supported the agreement. A joint programme could have been drawn up, certain common objectives could have been agreed. The full concession of socialists would only be to realise that they are not alone, that they gotta deal with the general situation, that their objectives should be adapted to the interests of not only 1 layer, but of society as a whole. Meanwhile, demagoguery raged in Vienna, with decisive advancement filled by fear of actual democratic principles. It happened that a heated crowd burned down the Palace of Justice. The symptoms of abuse began to multiply, which over time dug a gap between the agrarian population and bourgeoisy on the 1 hand and socialists on the other.
The Socialists destroyed Austria.
Austria could have become the second Switzerland, Bavaria or Denmark, a model of a democratic state, with large prospects for social improvement that would have bravely pursued only healthy and creative principles of evolution. Meanwhile, Austrian socialists, fearing communist competition – besides frequently and besides loudly utilized the words "revolution". And revolutions a society tired of war and post-war poorness – did not want and could not want.
And here are the most crucial reasons why among the same layers as the addresses to the boy of B. Charles, the first two-colored banners began to spread – the slogans of the Anszlus and the connection with the Reich began to spread. Since Hitler came to power in Germany, the logic of the accidents itself dictated that socialists search agreement with Dollfuss, even at any cost. If there were a bourgeois government, even without Otto Bauer's involvement, than the ruthless Nazi dictatorship. Meanwhile, throughout 1933 there was a conflict that led to an open war in the streets of Vienna in 1934. Dollfuss's step was wrong, listening to the orders of fascist Italy was harmful – but it was besides highly incorrect for the Austrian socialist party. If, alternatively of fighting the Austrian republic in the name of communication with German socialism, even part of its agenda were devoted to general interests, if, alternatively of a barren Krakowian demagoguery, they were put up against it as enemies of democracy, the Austrian republic would live to the present day with a large and creative German thought. Not only about the robber of Austria, but besides about this hegemony, which was a conflict death in the Reich – it could not be said.
Fate takes revenge.
The policy of ad hoc benefits, the usage of economics even at the price of conflicting with human and national principles – caused a gradual decline in the influence of the Austrian socialist organization and indirectly contributed to the consolidation of the dictatorship. The policy of Austrian socialists proved suicide. Uncritical without considering the difficulties of surviving as volatile and as hard a situation as today. And that is why in a fewer years after the burning of the Palace of Justice in Vienna – these mistakes of the erstwhile good religion are avenged. Political shortsightedness has avenged the destiny of the Austrian organization – and the destiny of their future, Otto Bauer.
“Inconsistency in assumptions,” said Fr. Seipel, “inconsistency in the organization of social life grows in its consequences to the degree of evil that would scare the very worst of those who make decisions with a light heart, possibly effective at the minute – but how terrible in the close future...
These words may mention to the Austrian socialist party. But is it just Austrian?
Dr Tadeusz Kiełpiński.
Is this about PPS?
A dictator who loves his own people.
The fame of Kemal Pasha, dictator of Turkey, was born during the planet War as a defender Dardantels. During the next troubled years, thanks to his abilities and military capabilities, he became the leader of the fresh Turkey. On 3 March 1924 he disposed of the sultan, organizing a secular republic and putting an end to clergy domination. Since then, he has imposed on the nation 1 improvement after another until there is almost nothing left of the old traditions.
The first 1 killed the FEZ.
For example, he dressed the full country in his visitor noise, putting on a broad Panama himself. The crowds were speechless from surprise: for the Turks, the “hat” was a sign of hated foreigners and all memory of it made them usage force. Police have been ordered to arrest resistant feses.
Ghazi (the winner) then called on European lawyers to lay down fresh codes, modeling on trade in Germany, in Italy, and in civilian Switzerland. Polygamy and harems were abolished. Women who in the past had never made public appearances without shields and eunuchs – they now appeared in the theatre in the company of their husbands and even played tennis in mixed parties. The fresh constitution allowed 2 million women to take part in the elections and even become MPs. On 8 February 1935, seventeen women entered Parliament. Kemal Pasha cared about the improvement of education, fought illiteracy and introduced the Latin alphabet alternatively of Arabic. He took care of agriculture and industry, built roads and railways.
When Kemal Pasha came to rule, 95 percent of the population could not read and write. This situation has now improved significantly. He introduced compulsory teaching, founded a university and many method schools. Turkey has become a modern and strong country.
The five-year plan gave Turkey its own mill of cloths, cotton and silk products, glass, paper, sugar and sulphur. In addition to 1 debt from the Soviets, Ghazi finances his plans from his current income. The Army, the Navy, and the Air Force have been upgraded. Curtiss-Wright, American company, built a munitions mill and sent in specialists. late Kemal Pasha has issued a number of more democratic orders.
Since the last
The process of the Nazi organization in Silesia has passed
A fewer months. And the bite case is over. And the speech of press
German in Poland calmed down.
These are external symptoms.
German number positions in Poland. Is that right?
Did they calm down? Did they yet come to the only wise conclusion that
Only loyalty to the state is their only course of action
Poland?
Of course it would be best, but you don't have to
Too much illusion. Our loyalties to Germany are inactive very much
is missing, especially now erstwhile the Austrian “Shut” and example
p. Konrad Henlein has their encouraging pronunciation.
Although orders from Germany hinder
external occurrences of anti-Polish, but — you gotta read
between the lines, you must perceive attentively to what is dawning in your head and
Young and old Germans who for 20 years in
independent Poland could not even learn after
Polish.
The top vigilance is to environment the episode
the economic, to which Germany in Poland directed their offensive.
German cooperatives, operating an easy and inexpensive loan, are
more enemies of Polishness than the arrogant agitators of the rally and
Heilhitlerous improprieties with bare knees. On the Episode
Economic School of Solidarity was created by Germany in Poland
national, which is besides a school of disloyalty towards
Poland.
We note the facts:
Municipality pastor
Evangelical (EU) in Bydgoszcz calls at the temple at
Church square to buy only from Germans and to support
exclusively German craftsmen.
German entrepreneurs
only German workers are accepted to work. They don't quit work.
Polish companies, obstructing any kind of organizational ban.
They are.
Of course, things are not prohibited by law. But it's a German position.
in Poland, there is simply a request for appropriate public contrast
Polish. A boycott must be answered with a boycott.
Remember:
Every penny,
paid to Germany, strengthens the economy of Germany, fortifies
anti-Polish institutions, assisted by German disloyalty schools.
Yours to yours — this password should not only apply
To the Jews, but to the Germans!
AI:
Here is an explanation of both threads that
sheds light on the moods at the time:
Konrad
Henlein and the Sudanese option
Konrad Henlein was organization leader
Sudeto-German (SdP) in Czechoslovakia. He became a symbol
using a national number to break up the state from
Inside. Officially, he claimed he was only fighting for autonomy for
Sudetian Germans, but in fact worked closely with
Hitler.
His actions led to the Sudetian crisis and
finally to the annexation of parts of Czechoslovakia by the 3rd Reich
(The Munich Agreement 1938).
Why the Polish paper about him
Remember? The author of the article feared that the Germans surviving in
Poland (e.g. in Bydgoszcz or Silesia) will start to imitate
Henleina, becoming the ‘V column’ which under the slogans
loyalty will prepare the ground for German aggression on
Poland.
‘Kind case’
It's loud.
events from Kęsów (Tucholski District) which took place
In the spring of 1938. It was 1 of the worst conflicts
nationalities in Pomerania before the war. What was that all about? German
landowners (including von Jant-Połczyński family, though
the name is Polish, they felt German) they tried to impose
sending children to
German private school.
Resistance: Polish workers from Kęsów
They rebelled, not wanting their children to be renationalized. It's happened.
demonstrations, boycotts and police intervention.
Final: Case
became a symbol of “the conflict for the soul” of the Polish individual on
border areas. Newspapers all over Poland wrote about Kęsów
as an example of German shoes and economical test
forcing Poles to submit.
These 2 examples are perfect.
They explain why the author of the article calls for a "boycott for boycott".
In 1938, Poles saw German economical activity
(shops, workshops, banks) not only business, but above all
the political tool of the 3rd Reich.
Public opinion is on alert.
Secrets of the Gdańsk shipyard.
The society expects vigorous protection of Polish interests.
Gdańsk, 12. 7. At present in Gdańsk there are negotiations between Polish factors and the management of Gdańsk shipyard on the many basis of the Polish worker component in all sections of the shipyard.
It's odd.
On the Polish side, there is simply a request that the quantitative ratio of Poles should be maintained at the level of 40 percent. Uninformed in Gdańsk relations, it may seem amazing that after 18 years of the yard's existence, Polish factors gotta deal with the yard's management as if with an equal contractor so that in a shipyard, which lives mainly from Poland, a Polish individual can find support.
However, many very unusual things are happening in the Gdańsk shipyard. This is the second part of our political reality in Gdańsk after the Polish Railways, where the infirmity and short-sightedness for the activities of any individuals, in positions exhibited, has lost material and moral national values.
By the grace of the Polish state.
Gdańsk Shipyard was created by grace, due to the fact that although the majority of capital (60%) is of English and French origin, and Polish and Gdańsk capital is equally engaged after 20 percent, abroad capital decided to invest in the shipyard only due to the fact that the Polish government committed itself to donating repairs to nearly PLN 1 billion in gold.
Poland – the most crucial customer.
This sum is equivalent to about 3000 locomotives. If it is considered that the current rolling stock of locomotives in Poland does not exceed 5 and a half 1000 pieces, it is evident that, as the blissful basis of Poland is simply a share no worse than liquid capital, contributed by abroad.
But the share of Polish capital does not end there. Gdańsk Shipyard leases free of charge squares, buildings and machinery owned by the Polish State, and commissioned to the shipyard. It is so a measurement which allows the yard to apply convenient price calculations.
Million orders.
Apart from the mill of wagons, in which the Polish Railway Boards suffices to indicate the current orders made by Polish factors at the shipyard. The shipyard builds 2 motorboats for the Ministry of manufacture and Trade, an icebreaker for “Polmin”, an elevation for “Skarbofer”, indirectly parts for the construction of motorboats, rotors for railways, boiler and electrification equipment and the power of another equipment, the full value of which counts for millions of zlotys.
These are the values that the Polish marketplace brings to the shipyard.
The financial receipts from Poland amount to over 90% of the full gross of the shipyard. They let for the maintenance of a immense mill machine, employing thousands of physical and intellectual workers.
The only influence.
However, these are the only "impacts" that the yard can have. We do not have the influence that we have for specified a strong material share. First of all, we do not have a man who wants to care about Polish interests in the area of global capital.
As a result, the Polish component in the shipyard is in a minority, poorly rewarded and meaningless.
Poles – 8 percent of the full staff.
In the best situation, the number of Poles did not exceed 8 percent of the full staff. Digitally, the number of workers in the shipyard is about 2,500 people, including the Poles working for 214 (relationship not eighty-four), officials and 40.
At the car mill on Troyl, which, as we have noted, only Polish locomotives and wagons are being renovated all year round, there are 33 Poles (fifty-three workers), and 1 (one) Pole engineer and 1 statistic.
The most perfidious policy, however, is conducted by the Directorate of the shipyard towards youth workers and workshop students. Not wanting the Polish component to be educated as professionals – the Directorate of the shipyard stopped the admission of children of Poles to craft school due to expected overcrowding, while accepting children of Germans. In this way there are only 42 Poles on the full number of 254 students.
Polish blacks.
The Directorate of Gdańsk shipyard accepts Poles as by grace, and treats them as blacks in African colonies. Polish engineers, of whom there are only a few, receive drafts lower than German stenotypists(!). Polish workers are grouped together and always get the hardest jobs, while the inventions specified as “Polisches Vieh” have no end!
In Gdańsk shipyard there is simply a directorate, an engineering corps and a squad of masters consisting exclusively of Germans, citizens of the Reich, officers of the German army. For Polish, French and English money, the Gdańsk shipyard is ruled by the Gdańsk Germans, but the Nazis of Reich! And that is the full secret of the terrible arrangement of forces in the shipyard for Poland.
The grim grotesque.
Polish workers of the Gdańsk shipyard, The Gdańsk Polonia and the full Polish society do not uncertainty that Poland has adequate resources to get a leading and decisive position in the shipyard, which is mainly based on Polish orders, at least in terms of those works which are intended for investment in the country.
Testimony to these plans, directing them by citizens of the German Reich seems to be a grim grotesque.
Stop the scandal!
Today Polish society expects the established factors of vigorous interference in the case of Gdańsk shipyard and the full protection of the interests of Poland and the Poles employed in it.
The public expects that the relations of the German Reich with its well-paid shipyard positions will not be reduced by the Polish element.
Above all, the individual of the current Polish delegate – the name of Mr Komorowski – must vanish from the yard. It's time to end the scandal called the Gdańsk shipyard.
The policy of facts achieved: Gdańsk at that time was almost completely mastered by the NSDAP. The shipyard became 1 of the bastions of Nazism in the Free City. Polish demands to increase employment (to 40% mentioned in the text) were ignored or combated.
Preparations for War: In 1939, just before the outbreak of the conflict, the shipyard was already full active in German war preparations. After the war broke out on September 1, 1939, the shipyard was immediately taken over by the 3rd Reich.
Count Komorowski's theme: number Leon Komorowski, mentioned in the article (the then Polish delegate on the Supervisory Board of the shipyard), was criticized by the press for being besides soft. Eventually, it was cancelled, but the change in the position of the Polish typical could no longer halt the political processes taking place in Gdańsk.
In summary, despite the tremendous financial and economical resources of the shipyard's dependence on Poland, the Polish State failed to regain control of this plant before the war or to supply decent working conditions for Polish workers.
Cross Road
Polish volunteers returning from Spain.
On the return of Polish volunteers from Spain, we find the following remarks about the time:
At present, the issue of volunteers returning from Spain is increasing. After the top part, they are peaceful Polish workers who, despite and only the desire for adventure, have been led astray by dry and insidious propaganda. As reported to us, any return here penniless and so are in a dire state. any are injured, any are disabled, incapable to do hard work, from which they maintained before going to Spain. Many do not receive any regular disability or benefits to fill their misery. In many cases, those who recruited them turn distant from them or avoid without a trace. 1 specified volunteer, a Polish citizen, even told that he was threatened if he complained about his fate.
While the situation of volunteers returning from Spain is possibly better regulated, the situation of Poles who fought in Spain is truly desperate. Many of them do not have documents, their cards have expired and do not have matrimony visas. At the border and in the country, there are specified adrifts arrested on charges of illegally crossing the French border. Arrested people are facing imprisonment and expulsion. After all, without an exit and arrival visa, no 1 has the right to leave France or return to France.
We must show full knowing for the destiny of those who are unhappy. They should be cared for and given aid that those who have pulled them out of their home fires and from their regular lives have forgotten. The Polish authorities should do everything so that those unfortunates do not get in prison. It is essential to come to the aid and to realize the case of Spanish volunteers. It is essential to supply them with documents, save them all the bitterness they have already fulfilled.
The English press, as 1 of the Polish writings writes, reported in connection with the adoption on the London committee of the non-intervention of the English request to retreat volunteers from Spain — that there are about 3,000 communists from Poland in the red global brigades. They are at the minute these people without Homeland, due to the fact that Polish government has revoked nationality of all Polish citizens who participated in the civilian war in Spain on either side.
The exact number of Polish volunteers in the red brigades is unknown. It may be larger or smaller than the number quoted in the press. On the another hand, 1 must number on an increase in this number of Poles who went from France to a organization fighting in Spain.
I was going from Bydgoszcz to Gdynia!
Gdynia. In the yacht pool in Gdynia, between “The Hanging Black” and the wonderful Themids, which “straightly out of the needle” came from the shipyard, parades with fantasy the elegant green yacht “Szkwał”, in the depths of its 3 homely blacks eat with the taste of a pancake with cheese.
It turns out that “Szkwal” is “made in Bydgoszcz”, its shipowner is Stanisław Kleybor, who only passed his advanced school, and the passengers, comparatively crews are pp. Michał Benoit and Jerzy Lipiński, besides graduates of Copernicus mediate School in Bydgoszcz.
The “Bydgoszcz-Gdynia” shipping line has only this Bunczczuchowy “Szkwal” in its rolling stock, which proudly presents the salute to the welcome colleague of Ms.
The shipowner Kleybor has this advantage over Galu shipowners that his maritime unit was made entirely in Poland with Polish and Polish gymnasium materials. The dipper while they were inactive in seventh grade.
Instead of secretly dimming cigarettes and chasing weights, advanced school workers of the “Kleybor and Cie” shipyard with share capital of 350 zlotys built this beautiful “Szkał” on which they spend well-deserved remainder before being called to the ranks of “roopers” to fulfill the civic work in the Camp of Labor.
“Szkwal” constantly takes trips to Orlov, to Jastarnia, Helu, Władysławów or Puck, with the word “to all ports of the coast” as the sailors say.
The wellness achievements of this expedition are unparalleled, especially the shipowner – Commander Kleybor has “in an impossible way”, as his subordinates assure him, as something of 5 kg has arrived. We are not amazed at all, looking with unmistakable admiration at giant slices of bread crushed with the jaws of a bronze sea pileur.
Since p. p. “Szkwal” does not have its own broadcasting station, its crew sends “what is allowed to whom and what belongs” to parents, relatives, friends and “to Miss Heni, Uli and Sylvia”. They'll be back in a week.
AI:
His dream of the sea ended the war, but his passion for navigation remained. Stanisław Kleybor (born 15 April 1920 in Bydgoszcz) became an airman. He served in the Polish Air Force in the UK (RAF service number: 704077). He was an observer, which required excellent cognition of navigation – a skill he was most likely honing on board his “Squark”.
Michał Benoit and Jerzy Lipinski:
Information about them is more hard to conclusively confirm, due to the fact that these names were carried by respective people with a akin profile.In the context of Jerzy Lipiński, the most likely trace is the figure of a well-known sailor and historian, the author of fundamental work planet War II at sea. If it was the same George, his youthful passion for sailing turned into a life mission to paper naval battles. There are besides insurgent biographies of Jerzy Lipiński, which suggests fighting in the conspiracy.
The name Benoit in Bydgoszcz and the region is associated with acting traditions (the celebrated Louis Benoit was born in the east, but the household had connections with theatres in the country). Michał could, like Stanisław, be in the army or participate in the civilian defence of the city, which, as 1 of the articles recalls, had tragically experienced German crimes already in the first days of the war.
It is remarkable that the carefree memo about the "three home blacks" eating pancakes on a yacht, which we read in the July 1938 newspaper, was in fact the last image of their peaceful youth before the large trial of war.
A trial for royal privilege.
Gdynia, 12. 7. “Baltic Courier” reports:
"Before 200 years, the Polish King Augustus the Strong gave the owner of the property and the village of Mariensee in Gdańsk the privilege of downloading 4 times a year for his own parking at the fair. This privilege was given to the owner in the fall of the Catholic parish, which in 1850 was challenged by the fresh owner of von Simon's estate.
At present, the municipality of Mariensee is accusing the Gdańsk court of granting it this privilege due to the fact that the administration of the Catholic parish did not usage it for many years.”
Such a process refutes the thesis, as the press rightly asserts, the contemporary city of the free city that it was and is always a German city in an ethnographic and political sense.
History of the name: The name Mariensee (literally, “The Lake of Mary”) functioned for centuries under German regulation and during the Free City of Gdańsk. After 1945, they returned to the old Polish name Przywidzód.
The Privilege of August the Strong: The article mentions the royal privilege, which confirms that despite strong German influences in Gdańsk itself, the surrounding earthly goods (such as the Visionary) were straight subject to Polish kings and they decided on economical rights in this region.
Historical significance: The legal dispute, which the paper writes about, was evidence for the Poles of the time that the historical and legal foundations of Gdańsk and the surrounding areas were inextricably linked to the Polish Crown, which had large propaganda importance in 1938, erstwhile the tension between Poles and Gdańsk Nazis reached the summit.
Today, Przywidz is simply a well-known vacation village on Lake Przywidzki, popular with the inhabitants of Tricity.
Would the English want to master the Polish herring market?
Gdynia. The herring economy of our overseas neighbours is of large interest to our readers of Gdynia, related to the fish manufacture and fisheries issues. It is worth noting, therefore, that the study of the English herring economy for the past year, completed recently, shows its hard position, especially due to the failure of 2 large outlets, i.e. Germany and russian Russia. Despite the simplification of the fishing fleet, it is, as well as its crew, too, for the current needs of the herring industry, which currently, according to the calculation of the Chamber of the herring industry, can give employment to only 380 steam lugrom, i.e. little than half of the current fleet state.
Recently submitted in Parliament, the government's "seine plant" projects supply for the reorganisation of the "Chamber of the herring industry" and an increase in the subsidy for the construction of modern motor lugs. These projects were adopted on 16 June at the 3rd reading, and it is so crucial that the British Government grants sterling sterling grants to build fresh lugrs. A full of £25,000 is intended for consumption propaganda in the UK. Furthermore, the government warrant for export credit is expected to be increased. Last year, for example, in turnover with Poland, this warrant amounted to 60,000 pounds sterling.
kpbc.umk.pl/Content/189798/publication38157.pdf
Right Eye: Following the Sun and the Stars
Another Glass:
Built in 1938 in Rambeck Werft for Kriegsmarine. In 1945 he was handed over to the Academic Maritime Club in Gdańsk. In the 1950s and 1960s, he was 1 of the fastest seagoing yachts. In 1979 it was purchased by current owner Zbigniew Werner.facebook.com/fundacjaszkwal.org#
Fundacjaszkwal.pl/o-fundacja/
