Historical calendar – the anniversary of the coronation at the King of the Republic of Poland, the elector of Saxon Frederick August and his wife Maria Józefa. The ceremony took place in Krakow.
Today in our calendar we will look at the life and activities of this traitor and enemy of free Poland.
Frederick Augustus (called August III in Poland) was the only legal boy of the elector of Saxony and King of Poland August II. His mother, Krystyna of Hohenzollern's home raised him in Lutheran religion. He received a careful education and then embarked on a journey across western Europe. He visited Germany, Italy and France. At the age of 17, he converted to Catholicism, but most likely his change of religion was (as in the case of his father) calculated for easier acquisition of the Polish crown.
In addition, she was a condition for marrying Emperor Maria Habsburg's daughter. Frederick August was not curious in Polish matters, and at the time of his father's regulation he did not arrive at the Vistula River. After his death, he became the elector of Saxony and took over as the manager in the Konfidenztafel Lodge. He was an obese and dense man. He was fond of feasts, hunting and watching operas. He had a peculiar weakness for shooting at dogs wandering around the courtyard of his palace. Under the secret Austrian-Russian arrangement of 1732 (Loewenwold's treatise) he was excluded from the succession of the Polish crown.
The powers wanted to establish the Duke of Portugal Emanuel in Warsaw. Poles in turn advocated the candidacy of any “Pear”. Frederick went on to fight for power. The only way to get it was to buy off his reluctant powers. Austria's support was won by the alleged pragmatic sanction of Emperor Charles VI. In relation to Russia, he went much further. He promised to waive his rights to Infinant on behalf of Poland and to hand over the lenna of Kurland into the hands of the favourite of the Tsar Anna, Ernest Biron.
In addition, he agreed to keep a strategy of noble democracy in the Republic of Poland beneficial to his neighbours, guaranteeing the state's systemic incapacity. During the 1733 election, Poles chose King Stanisław Leszczyński. Supporters of the Saxons tied under the cover of Russian troops their own election union and illegally elected Frederick, who took the name August III. This led to a successful war. shortly the Tsarist and electorate troops began a trial with the Polish opposition defending legalism.
The Patriots formed a number of confederations which then merged into the Wildlife Confederation. A common decision and a fewer regular troops had no chance to fight professional armies. After nearly 2 years of guerrilla warfare, betrayal of the magnates and the king of Leszczyński himself, the weapon was laid down. The fresh ruler full continued his father's anti-Polish policy. He seldom stayed in the country, handling matters through his trusted people specified as mason Henry Brühl. In abroad matters, he became active in the affairs of the Reich and Austrian-Prussian wars about Silesia.
In 1737 he fulfilled his erstwhile commitments to Russia and transferred Kurland to regulation Ernest Biron. In 1745 he signed Treaty of WarsawBut he promptly broke his resolve, which was beneficial for both Saxony and Poland.
In 1756, he implicated the electorate in Seven-year war. Under secret agreements with the Carat, Russian troops marched through Poland, carrying out many rapes and robberies along the way. Meanwhile, the Prussians occupied almost all of Saxony. In occupied Dresden, Polish mint stamps got into their paws. This allowed Berlin to flood the Republic with a counterfeit coin called Ephraim. There has been inflation and an economical crisis.
August III did absolutely nothing to improvement the monetary system. He had small interest in the Republic and its problems.
The primary rule of political life during his reign was anarchy and corruption. The demoralization of the elites, the crisis of the Church and the improvement of Masonic lodges have progressed. The individual magnates had almost openly supported the wall powers. In the worst condition, there was an army in which the norm was to trade military degrees. During Augustus' reign, all senames were broken apart from the 1736 Pacific Sejm, which confirmed his royal authority.
August III was a dense and highly inept ruler, harmful to both Poland and Saxony. With the aid of the Tsarist army, he overturned the legitimate king of Leszczyński and killed the legitimate patriots. It was his only political success, due to the fact that he suffered nothing but defeat. After the fall of the Dzikowski confederation in the Republic of Poland, peace prevailed, but the next 2 decades were completely wasted.
This period was characterized by (like the erstwhile Saxon governments) decadence, demoralization of the elite and economical decline. August III personally was liable for this.
Previous entry from our calendar is available Here.
