On July 9, the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) found the Russian Federation liable for the downing of Malaysian airliner MH17 in 2014 and for many violations of the European Convention on Human Rights in the territories of Ukraine occupied since 2014. Initially, these were separate cases initiated by Ukraine and the Netherlands, but the court decided to consolidate them into one. The ECtHR pointed to the systemic nature of the violations, including:
