Estonia openly stresses that it is prepared to respond to any form of Russian aggression, both conventional and hybrid. Tallinn is constantly investing in territorial defense, ammunition stockpiles, cyber capabilities and interoperability with NATO, as the Estonian government understands very well that deterrence on the east flank must be applicable and immediate, not just political. The war in Ukraine has importantly accelerated Estonian defence planning and reinforced the belief that any NATO country bordering Russia must be ready for fast escalation scenarios.