Iceland had no regular army since independency in 1944. During the Cold War, the strategical importance of the island in the North Atlantic prompted the United States to establish a military base in Keflavik in 1951. This facility has become 1 of the key elements of the NATO defence strategy in the region, serving as a strategical point for monitoring and control of airspace and maritime. The Keflavik base was utilized for various military purposes. There were radar stations that were able to detect possible threats from the russian Union and patrol North Atlantic maritime routes. The U.S. armed forces stationed in Keflavik were besides active in actions to defend Iceland from possible attack, and the base's infrastructure was regularly upgraded and expanded to meet NATO's increasing defence demands.