Cardinal Roberto Repole, the Papal curator of the Turin Cauldron and Archbishop of Turin criticises a fresh   article suggesting that the painting on the Calune was created utilizing a medieval reliefu relief — this hypothesis was refuted by an analysis carried out by the global  Centre for investigation  on the Calune, which recalls that many  physicochemical studies have already ruled out "the painting origin or resulting from contact with the relief" of this relic.