Palestra agent

PALESTRA AGENCY

Andrzej Bąkowski, lawyer (Warsaw)

"Band". Subliminal PRLs

There came a time erstwhile the failure to account for the dark, choking past of the Polish People's Republic hit the strategy of ethical, moral, patriotic values finally, confessed by an excellent part of the Polish society, causing understandable shock and terror. Further dramatic events prior to 1989 are revealed. It turns out that it is impossible to live a average life, a calm, unreflective march into the future without knowing these events, due to the fact that there is inactive a phantom coming out and demanding an evaluation. Could anything have justified the past’s unworthy conduct and attitudes, or could even the individual threat on the part of the strategy be an excuse for morally reprimanded acts? For deficiency of defence oppressed by the regime? These are the questions we answer right now.

Literaries, poets, people of the pen in general, after Miłosz's “Enslaved Mind”, Urbankowski's “Red Mass”, Andrzejewski's “Miazdza” and Trznadel's “Hanba” can look at the last book by Joanna Siedlecka. The author, known for her predatory biographical publications, “Black Bird”, “Jaśnie Panicz”, “Lord of Poetry”, late published “Obława”, a subject about writers oppressed by Polish communism (Prószyński and S-ka S.A., Warsaw 2005). utilizing the IPN archive, but besides another museum sources and private collections, she created a relation shocking with her authenticity. The work (438 p.) is covered by solid reproductions of reports and authoritative notes of SB agents, secret associates (TW), civilian contacts (KO), authoritative prosecutors' and MO's writings. Reproductions of the writings of the Union of Polish Literaries in this area have a noble yet infamous share.

It is simply a book on the taint of figures from the ellipse of literature chosen by the regime, intended for an ideological "shooting", due to the harm to the strategy of their frequently non-literary activities, specified as signing appeals, letters to the authorities of the Polish PRL in defence of Polish culture. At that time, the strategy choked in creative environments all thought of an independent, unsubjected doctrine in force at a given phase of improvement of the communist state. The book focuses primarily on victims of persecution, their tragic multidimensional experiences, sometimes resulting in physical or civilian death, sometimes only failure of wellness in prisons. By the way, however, it is simply a mine of cognition about the methods of working the apparatus of coercion, blackmails, provocations, tangling with an agent network of politically uncomfortable writers. The horror is how frequently the then Literary Union behaved in relation to the regime's fear to intimidate, silence his fellow pen. The union primarily cared about privileges for the chosen.

Siedleck, as victims of repression, lists respective characters as an exemplification. This applies to Wojciech Bąk, Jerzy Braun, Stefan Łos, Władysław Grabski, Helena Zakrzywski, Jerzy Zawieyski, Melchior Wańkowicz, Paweł Jasienica, Januare Gręczinski, Ireneusz Iredyński, Jack Berzezin. Around the past of their repressions there are many accounts of another literary figures covered by the "Obsail".

Especially repugnant is the long-standing, continuing pursuit and force exerted on the celebrated Catholic poet of the 20th anniversary of independent Poland, Wojciech Bąk. The nag continued until the death of the poet in 1961, who was then 54 years old. Colleagues from the Poznań Branch of ZLP and the General Board have a immense part in the round. erstwhile socialism was decreed at the gathering of writers in Szczecin in 1948, W. Bąk immediately set up for it oppositionally. He refused to accept the enslavement of his work by the muzzled russian literature direction. “Freedom is simply a conscious necessity”, “the conflict of classes as a motor of history” and this akin Marxist wisdom is not for him. But shortly he was "named" as a class enemy, USSR and People's Poland. The regime's press has violently attacked him as an incurable fideist. He was strictly banned from printing and couldn't spend anything for 10 years. It just meant poverty. The alleged ellipse of Young Literaries at the Provincial Board in Poznań, the "angry" communists, in fact the mediocrity, which hung themselves with "greater" literary names, threw themselves at W. Bąk, wanting to deprive him of his flat in the union house. A prominent erudite loving in literature and antique art, reading in Tacyc's original, experts Homer, Sophocles, Horace, Shakespeare, was made an opinion of a dangerous lunatic. Meanwhile, a poet immersed in isolation and loneliness simply lived in utmost poorness and abnegation. As a consequence of further moves against the class enemy, he was placed in a psychiatric hospital. After leaving the “psychiatry” a fewer months, he tries to draw attention to himself with an unsuccessful suicide. He writes desperate letters to Bierut, the Italian Embassy, wants to go to the West. For "a negative attitude towards our reality", for comparing the communist government with the Nazi ZLP removes it from the Union (video of the minutes of the ZLP Provincial Board gathering in Poznań, p. 23). Virtually no of the fear of the W. regime's revenge. The fart didn't defend. A loud writer, Aleksander Wat in “My Age” writes, “that only thanks to Iwaszkiewicz he was not put in jail, but in a madhouse.”

1. Siedle based on a more reliable relation says it's not true. Bąk truly wanted a criminal trial due to the fact that he thought, naive mediocre man, lost in the black gap of Polish communism, that he would publicize his origin and halt stalking him. The government had had adequate of it, the then Provincial Board of ZLP in Poznań and the Main Board shook with fear of folk power. If the literates do not “order” with Bąk, they will “solve our Union”. Plus, they've got Bąk in order. They put him back in the "psycho." He suffered proceeding loss, utilized electroshocks for a healthy man, kept among alcoholics and cocaine addicts. He was at the bottom of human misery. But his talent was not killed there, his senses were not shaken. He wrote poems on the paper, kept them in memory by repeating them constantly. He wrote of them: “They are like tents in the bare desert / in the night, protecting from the cold, in the day from the heat. And the large silence abruptly flows in your soul And it finds peace and the weather of the body.”

Just before his death, he was in custody for 3 months. Iwaszkiewicz, appointed by the communists “the prince of poets” wrote in 1961, after Bąk died, “that he suffered in “psyches” of large and undeserved sufferings, which we talk so small about, which we do not want to talk about.” Sergius Sterna-Wachowiak in the Poznań Gazeta of 11 June 1999 wrote about Bąk: “In his case, as in a fossil, the human smallness, vileness, hypocrisy and human discord, stubbornness, opposition, in everlasting remembrance of times under the judgement of the posterity!”

Equally shocking is the past of the pressures of a well-known writer, poet, publicist, philosopher, state activist in the anti-German conspiracy, volunteer soldier in 1920, George Braun. Arrested in October 1948 as the secretary of the editorial board of the very then read Warsaw Weekly (a Catholic-social writing – 70 1000 efforts), J. Braun was sentenced to life imprisonment. A full group of contributors of the writing along with his wife Braun Hanna, his brother Julius, were sentenced to six to 15 years in prison for attempting to overthrow the fresh system. This selected group of convicts, large Polish intelligence included 2 later lawyers Wiesław Chrzanowski and Andrzej Kozanecki, as well as my academic mentor at the Faculty of Law of the University of Warsaw, prof. Tadeusz Przeciszewski. He was arrested the second day after the colloquium I gave to him at the University. After six, possibly 7 years, I met him accidentally on the train, met me, despite years, flawlessly. I had the chance to thank him warmly for his excellent lectures, concern for academic youth in hard years of Polish Stalinism.

Jerzy Braun spent over 8 years in the heaviest PRL prisons, in Mokotów, Rawicz and Wronki. He left no prison memories. He avoided all martyrdom, wrote about “things”, never himself. The prison associates mention him as an animator of philosophical lectures, poetic evenings, of course to the degree and capabilities of Crows or Rawicz. Various people sat with him, including General SS and Police Geibel, Colonel Kostek Biernacki, Chief of Kartuska Bereza. Apparently, in prison, he wrote a fresh about Bolesław Chrobry, which Borejsz became curious in. She's missing somewhere in the vast archives of security.

Both Braun and another prisoners of the writers (loose, Kudlinski, Bednorz) The Literary Union did not supply any aid in hard times. And finally, he deleted the defendants from the list of members. Braun was inactive alive in 1975, even erstwhile he was in Canada and later in Rome accompanied by an agential “care” of the regime.

As it is widely known, Melchior Wańkowicz was given a criminal trial, he was arrested for respective weeks under ridiculous charges of transferring the letter to his daughter by the US embassy to the United States, with news slandering People's Poland. At the time, the slanderous news was the demands of literates to increase paper allocation and soften censorship. As for Wańkowicz, I remember his trial. It was said that he suffered torment erstwhile not all of the ramp lights were directed at him and so the detention suffered like a media adventure, cheerfully despite an advanced age. The government was ridiculed more than it brought him any tangible political benefit.

But it was surely not comic to repress Jerzy Zaweyski, who began after his celebrated speech in the Sejm on April 10, 1968, after the March events. At the time he spoke straight to Gomulka and Kliszka, protested courageously in defence of the policy of Koła Marka, in defence of the “burnt” by MO students, suppressing cultural life, and especially against the photograph from the “Dziads” afiche directed by Dejmek. The hall howled and crumpled, the atmosphere of lynching, Siedleck writes, as erstwhile MPs of the PPR destroyed Mikołajczyk and opposition MPs.

Zaweyski died of a tragic death, plagued by depression, possibly pushed from the infirmary terrace by a government doctor, where he stayed after a bloodstroke into the brain. He was trampled by the regime, not due to his literary status, but due to the fact that he betrayed People's Poland as a PRL politician. They cast him with honors, favors, was a associate of the State Council, and dared profanely to rise his hand on the system.

What drama did Paul Jasienica experience? Author of awesome historiosophy publications, a soldier of the underground of independency in the Nazi business and right after it. He's been under strict supervision for years. Talked by Gomulka about working with security, until his death he was cornered by an agent, “described” by a base agent “Ewa” who yet became his wife. "Ewa Max" a friend, then the writer's wife fits into a full series of celebrated sexot stories (a secret sotrude) added to celebrated writers by russian specialists. Majakowski had Lilli Bric on him. Elsa, her sister played the same function with Louis Aragon, a critical biography by Alexander Solzenicina written by Natalia Rieszetowska, his ex-wife, an NKVD agent. Brecht was given an worker of Stasi Maria Eich.

“Ewa Max”, according to her many service notes and reports, knew many people from the independency opposition. As Jasienica's wife, she had a social relation with them. I don't think she knew the real secrets of the opposition, but she was more of a socialist. Everything she saw and heard, she was very eager to transmit to the Home Office. Notes uncover quite a few intelligence, are written in good polish, surrounded by different tastes. The spring was her peculiar assignment. She stuck to him until he died. She inherited a large inheritance from him. Even the writer's ceremony (1 August 1970) became an chance for people from the alleged apparatus to filter the environment: who and what said at the funeral, who sang the national anthem and who abstained from it. Agents took 124 large sharp photographs. Now it all seems curiosity, then it was lined with a strong national drama. This is besides part of the past of the Polish People's Republic.

Siedle gathered together and passed the facts unscathed. This is especially actual of the moral sphere and the intimate victims of the manhunt. I don't know if it's completely verifiable. Can agent sources be conclusive? Victims are shown, hangovers stay in the shadows, and are usually well.

And that, too.

The fact in public life is necessary, but I do not know whether all the victims of the regime's roundabout, if they were alive, would want for specified truth, or in specified a form under

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