The past of a man in the region dates back to the paleolithic, as evidenced by the stone drawings in the caves of Bashkirk, depicting hairy rhinoceros, mammoths, horses. any researchers even believe that the domestication of a horse took place on lands inhabited by the ancestors of the Bashkirs (VII – VI millennium before our era). There was a dynamic agricultural economy and cattle farming in the Neolithic.
The arabian traveler and geographer Al-Idrisi in the 12th century mentioned in the "Book of Roger" the Bashir cities of Nemzhan, Gurkhan, Karakiya, and in the Russian chronicles the first mention of Bashkirach dates from 1469. A century earlier, the Bashkirs became celebrated for the heroic fourteen-year war against the Mongols, gaining respect for invaders, recorded in Mongolian historical sources. The consequence was the absorption of Bashkiria into the Golden Orda, where the Bashkirs received their first territorial autonomy and privileged position in the legal hierarchy of the Mongolian Empire. Baszkiria joined Europe in the early 17th century after Russia's conquest of the Siberian Khanate. From that point on, the Bashkar-Russian political modus vivendi was formed. The Bashkirs were given the right to have their territory, to have their own army, administration and religion. The Boyarom were banned from taking over the Bashkir lands, and the Bashkirs obtained the privilege of extracting salt. But the relation with the Russians without commitments was not easy.
