The prolonged armed conflict in Ukraine and the consequent adverse situation of the Russian Federation in many areas force Moscow to apply provocative pressures on various countries, including the threat of real atomic weapons. Already at the NATO summit in Madrid in 2022, it was found that Russia is simply a crucial and direct threat to the safety of the alliance and to Europe's peace and stability. Therefore, allowing countries without their own atomic weapons to usage the programme provides the highest safety warrant for the alliance and another states and has a peculiar function in the deterrence system.
