In fresh years, both individual missions and multi-national initiatives have not had the effect of stabilising and resolving conflicts in Africa. Europe, understood narrowly as the European Union, was incapable to organise a mission that would let the end of wars in Mali, Libya, the Central African Republic or Sudan. This does not mean that there was no mediation, many visits and training of African troops. However, the effect is overwhelming due to the fact that it is mainly the countries of the European Union that feel the consequences of conflicts in Africa. In addition, the EU-Africa Summit was missing in 2023 and the only country in the planet to hold a large conference with the African continent was the Russian Federation.
