Analysis briefly:
- In 2024, a number of crucial electoral processes were held globally. The planet has been paying large attention to the selection processes in very many countries, and this interest was due to the dynamics of the global environment.
- The most crucial elections held in 2024 could be considered presidential elections in the US. They were won by Donald Trump, who intends to prosecute a completely different abroad policy of the United States. Its crucial component is to change the approach to the Russian-Ukrainian War. Presidential elections were besides held in Russia, but only façade.
- Last year, citizens of the European Union elected MEPs. These elections were interesting due to the expanding popularity of right-wing groups on the continent. The results only confirmed these trends. The success of the far right in France, on the another hand, led to a fast and amazing decision by the president of that country to dissolve the lower home of Parliament.
- The planet has besides attracted large attention to the electoral processes in Moldova and Romania due to strong external interference in their course. In the second country, this led to the annulment of the first circular of presidential elections. quite a few irregularities are besides accused of parliamentary elections in Georgia, where the erstwhile power has won, which is increasingly oriented towards Russia.
Elections as a political process are inherent in the functioning of practically all existing modern states, including those not recognized. Their implementation is peculiarly characteristic of democratic countries, as this gives power to society, which appoints its representatives to represent them in the most crucial bodies and institutions. At the same time, the organisation of elections is besides crucial for authoritarian and totalitarian regimes. Although they have a façade character there, their task is to strengthen the position of the ruling elite and legitimize it both within the state and internationally. all year we face quite a few electoral processes around the world, resulting from the average course of political life. However, 2024 was peculiarly marked in this regard. It was the last year that the planet was very attentive to the selection processes in many countries. This interest was due to the dynamics of the global environment. More and more issues are global, and even if they concern individual countries, they affect the full global environment and affect the reactions and behaviour of the majority of global relations players. This is most mostly about matters concerning the very broad global and interior safety of individual countries. Over the last fewer years, these issues have become fundamental to the existence of modern societies. This in turn translates into the fact that it is increasingly crucial for the fresh global order that we are witnessing present to be established, has who wins the elections and will regulation in individual countries and what agenda he will want to implement internationally. Electoral processes in 2024 besides attracted attention due to the large number of unexpected events and various accompanying actions they had not even known past to date. United Nations improvement Programme statedIt's the biggest election year in human history. This analysis will focus on a summary of the most crucial and most interesting elections held in 2024.
Elections in the US – 1 of the most crucial political games in 2024.
Undoubtedly, 1 of the most crucial elections of 2024, the consequence of which was undoubtedly curious in the full world, were presidential elections in the United States. After the primary in the Democratic organization and the Republican organization were to stand as President-in-Office of the United States, Joe Biden and erstwhile president of the United States, Donald Trump. The erstwhile under social pressure, especially from voters and their organization quit from a share. His place took Vice president of the United States Kamali Harris. triumph yet returned Donald Trump, becoming 47 U.S. President, gaining as much as 312 electorate votes, and nationally with 49.8% voter support.
From a geopolitical perspective, the interest in these elections was due to the fact that they were elections for the form of future global governance, but besides to the global position of many countries, especially Russia and China.
In European space, the issue of the Russian-Ukrainian War was at the forefront, followed by the issue of the future safety agreement on the Old Continent. The United States is presently 1 of key pillars of military safety in Europeand the largest aid provider for Ukraine. Trump's victory, which will be sworn in on 20 January 2025, means primarily a restriction, or possibly even a complete cut-off of American aid to this state, which has frequently been highlighted during the presidential-elect election campaign. It is besides increasingly indicated that the fresh administration will want reduce contribute to the European safety system. Then Europe will gotta face fresh dilemmas. The first will concern European ideas for Ukraine's assistance in armed conflict after a possible crucial simplification in US aid. Another 1 will mention to how, in the defence plans of the Old Continent states, it will take into account the possible for a much limited US consequence to a larger armed conflict in Europe. The future structure of the global strategy may besides be crucial Isolationist trends fresh administration in abroad policy and announcements de facto Trade wars with China, but besides with the European Union.
"Presidential elections in Russia".
The alleged presidential election was held in the Russian Federation on March 15-17, 2024. In addition to Vladimir Putin, 3 another candidates representing the political organization present in the State Duma applied for this post. They were selected to do not pose any threat for the applicant for Putin's 5th term. No surprises. He scored 87.3% of support, with an alleged 77% attendance. The participation of selected counter-candidates was likely to make an illusion of democratic rivalry, and besides through a very large imbalance in the results show that there is only 1 strong leader for Russians. The advanced attendance was only meant to strengthen this belief. At the same time, anti-war candidates were removed from electoral competition, which is simply a certain hazard to the efficiency of the full electoral process. Russian Central Election Commission She wouldn't let her. to the election of Boris Nadieżdin and Dunc Yekaterina, who could have been a real opposition to Putin. On the 1 hand, their withdrawal can be considered surprising, since the full administrative and media apparatus could guarantee that these candidates are marginalised. On the another hand, the Kremlin may have been afraid that their participation would have mobilised their supporters to various demonstrations and protests of power. At the same time, in certain circumstances, Putin himself could be little likely to appear against them, which could mildly destabilize the full organized election performance and spoil the image of the only suitable candidate.
These elections held besides in Ukrainian territories occupied by Russia, which considers them to be its own, which externally undermines their legality and legitimacy of the individual assigned to that office. The consequence of this electoral process itself for the global strategy was not that important, as no 1 hoped for any breakthrough or change in the geopolitical strategy of that country after it ended. However, he pointed out to the planet that Russia is determined in all its activities and that the Kremlin would want a crucial part in shaping the fresh global order.
European elections. Increase the importance of groups on the right.
In 2024, citizens of the associate States of the European Union elected their representatives to the European Parliament. Euro-elections held on 6-9 June, and each country could choose on which of these days it would organise a vote in its territory. The fresh word of office of the European Parliament provides for increasing the number of Euro MPs from 705 to 720 to better reflect the associate States' population in the courts of that institution.
Topics around which national electoral campaigns were focusing differed. This was due to the fact that, as a rule, the parties applying for seats in Europarlament are besides addressing issues which stay under the authority of national authorities, but are besides included in the Euro-campaign to rise political capital. On the another hand, it can be shown that specified a common denominator was Topics on European safety and defence policy, consequence to the Russian-Ukrainian war, climate issues, including the Green Deal, as well as expanding migration problems and ways to stabilise or even combat it. It was these issues that caused the top stir among the European community in fresh years and contributed to the increasing popularity of right-wing and far-right groups.
Euro elections were interesting for this reason, as they were a test for the increasing strength of these groups, whether they could truly influence the course of European affairs. These elections yet ended Maintaining power by the coalition made up of 3 factions, i.e. the European People's Party, Socialists and Democrats and Renew Europe, with a full holding of more than 400 Euro-Parliamentary. As foreseen in the fresh European Parliament term, the right-wing and far-right groups have strengthened their strength. They are grouped within 3 fractions, not 2 as happened in previous word of office. These groups traditionally include European Reformists and Conservatives and 2 fresh factions, i.e. Patriots for Europe and a Europe of Sovereign Nations. full State of possession is over 180 parliamentarians, while at the end of the erstwhile word right-wing factions count a full of about 120 members.
The results have thus shown that the European right is indeed on an uplifting wave and that the issues raised by it are becoming increasingly susceptible to society. It is more hard to measure whether it is possible to talk about its success, as it will inactive not have that much impact on the course of European affairs. However, growth trends for these groups in all European countries are inactive to be expected, and they will take over any of them.
Accelerated elections to the Lower home of the French Parliament.
rather surprising, and even shocking, for any in the election arrangement of 2024, was the decision of French president Emmanuel Macron, about Solution National Assembly. It was taken as a consequence of winning the elections to the European Parliament in France by the far-right National Unity and the large failure of political options forming the then government coalition, besides consisting of its group. The decision was so amazing that she stayed taken after closing the polling stations and announcing exit polls, without waiting for authoritative results.
Accelerated elections held June 30 (first round) and July 7 (second round). Elections won National unity, however, the most mandates in the lower French Parliament were obtained by a coalition composed of leftist parties, the fresh People's Front. Since the establishment of the premature elections, France has been in an ever-increasing political crisis due to the fact that the groups in the National Assembly do not want to cooperate. It translated into that after the accelerated election first government was created only after 2 months, led by Michel Barnier. He survived. Only 3 months due to the fact that he fell as a consequence of a vote of distrust. It was the shortest government in the modern past of France and the first since 1962 dismissed in a vote of distrust procedure. Macron's decision made in June hot after announcing exit polls in Euro-elections from the current position was very unfortunate.
The president of France, wishing to test his strength again, regain any of the voters and regain his legitimacy, most likely after the defeat of the elections to the European Parliament, has led to France presently struggling with the problem of establishing unchangeable governments.
Presidential elections and referendum in Moldova.
In 2024, the presidential elections and the referendum held in the Republic of Moldova, 1 of the poorest countries in Europe, were very popular among the public. This interest was due to the fact that the future political course of this tiny country, i.e. whether pro-European orientation would be maintained or the return to Russia's sphere of influence, which the Kremlin has been seeking in this country for a long time with expanding intensity. At the same time, many were reported Russian interference in the full electoral process, including by buying votes and conducting disinformation activities.
It only proved and illustrated the countries Western, that Russia at all costs will effort to regain control of the full russian area.
This was another signal to the EU and the US that Moscow would proceed to search the exclusive chance to implement its agenda in this part of the world.
The first circular of presidential elections and the referendum on the entry of Moldova's pro-European course into the Constitution took place on 20 October. In the election started as many as 11 candidates, including the so-far pro-Western president Maia Sandu. First round's over. result 42.1% for the erstwhile head of state and the support of 26.3% of voters for Alexander Staianoglo, who officially supported European integration and besides pointed to the request to build relations with Russia. In the referendum, only 50.26% of the voters responded to the formal pro-European course of Moldova, which was completely out of the question. The consequence of Mai Sandu in the first circular and the consequence of the referendum could be considered a failure. External interference has mostly contributed to this, but in part it has besides been the consequence of discontent with Mai Sandu's governments and its Action and Solidarity Party, as Moldova has for a long time measured with increasingly serious economical problems. The weak advantage of Euroenthusiats in the referendum can be utilized by the Moldovan pro-Russian opposition to argue that the state's neutral position is maintained and that the pro-European state's course is being questioned as its only path.
In the second round, President-in-Office Re-election with the support of 55.4%, mainly thanks to votes cast in election committees located abroad. Given the votes cast only in the country, Staianoglo gained the advantage. This process of elections in Moldova proves that the process of European integration and bringing this country into the Western political space will be a much more hard challenge for the EU than for example for the Western Balkans, due to the fact that here it will gotta face straight the unpredictable opponent Russia is.
Georgian parliamentary elections.
On October 26, Georgians cast their vote in the elections to the single-camera parliament of Georgia. Main Election rate there has been a course of state abroad policy, as in Moldova, i.e. whether the state will proceed to take any action to become part of the EU or decision towards Russia.
In these elections, 2 parties could be distinguished, i.e. the organization of Georgian Dreams (whose choice meant drift towards Russia) and powerfully divided, but the opposition starting in respective election blocks (whose choice meant maintaining and strengthening the pro-European course) could be chosen to cooperate after the election.
The common denominator was the desire to retreat the existing power and implement a policy aimed at EU membership. It is worth noting here that almost all political options were liable for European integration, but it was Georgian Dreams in practice personified with a departure from this course and a return towards Russia, as well as the tendency to increasingly authoritative country management. The governing organization addiction from each other, the full administration of the state, the judiciary, the media and took violent action against the opposition. She pursued a policy that de facto It was about moving distant from the West, even though it was hard accented at the NATO Summit in 2023. She strengthened her relation with Russia, which again eagerly dragged Georgia into her sphere of influence. The opposition, on the another hand, did not have a clear leader and was not very convincing for voters who wanted to vote against Georgian Dream.
The day of voting according to reflection missions ran in a very tense atmosphere in view of many reports concerning the breach of the secrecy of the vote, the force on voters and another irregularities which should not take place during a truly democratic electoral process. The election itself ended with a spectacular triumph of the ruling since the 3 word Georgian Dreams, which officially won Nearly 54% of the vote. Opposition headed by president of Georgia Salome Zurabishvili the results were not accepted, pointing to their forgery.
Today, the state is becoming increasingly Political crisis, due to the fact that the opposition refuses to participate in sessions of specified elected parliament, and there are many protests on the streets of many cities besides due to interruption European integration process by Georgian Dreams by 2028. Salome Zurabishvili, on the another hand, inactive considers himself president of the country, despite the fact that on December 29 the position of Micheil Kawelashvili, elected earlier by the College of Electors, was sworn in. According to the opposition done It's illegal.
The events in Georgia only confirm that the EU is facing a real hard task of integrating countries in the russian area and are a signal that Russia inactive has a lot to say about the fresh form of global governance.
Parliamentary and presidential elections in Romania. Final approval and final annulment of the first circular of presidential elections.
In Romania, parliamentary and presidential elections were organised in the form of an electoral marathon in 2024. Taking into account the possible second circular of presidential elections, all elections were to take place weekly for a period of 3 weeks, i.e. the first and second rounds of presidential elections on 24 November and 8 December respectively, and the parliamentary elections on 1 December. It is worth noting that the second took place without any major surprises.
In the first circular of presidential elections, however, unexpectedly won The utmost right-wing Călin Georgescu with a score of almost 23%, which previously had not given much chance. Second place was the centre-right Elena Lasconi with a score of just over 19%. A large surprise was besides Marcel Ciolac's 3rd score, which was credited with the best chances before the elections.
However, the most shocking event was full annulment of the first circular of elections by the Constitutional Court 2 days before its proceedings. It has been decided that the full election process is to start completely again. Same court before found the results of the first circular of elections, indicating that this is simply a final decision. Cancellation decision was from peculiar services reports with crucial external interference in the election process, which were declassified by Romanian President-in-Office Klaus Iohannis. They pointed out that Georgesc's good consequence in the election was the consequence of coordinated actions supported by the straight mentioned state entity. This was about Russian interference. According to reports, his run was based on the usage of up to 25,000 fake accounts and bots on social media, especially on TikTok. Moreover, on election day, the election administration was subject to continuous but ineffective cyber attacks (it speaks of even respective twelve 1000 attacks). The annulment of the decision besides resulted from unclear ways of financing the Georgesc campaign. Despite the candidate's assurance that he did not spend any money on the campaign, he received about a million euros of donations. Romanians will be re-elected president most likely around the spring of 2025.
These elections, on the another hand, are a signal to the planet that attempts to interfere with the organization of elections are being put at hazard by all countries. Their destabilization can thus translate into a future global structure. The choice of circumstantial policy options and candidates as a consequence of external interference will usually mean that the office is filled with a individual or persons preferred by the forces that have caused the disturbance. These preferences will usually consequence from the fact that specified elected political forces will, with a advanced degree of probability, implement a policy accepted by the entity that influenced the country's electoral outcome.
Conclusion
Election processes in the planet in 2024 were characterised by a advanced unpredictability of their settlements, as well as a series of unprecedented incidents and events affecting the further destiny of political processes in the countries and in the global system. Modern governments must be ready to embrace governments in another countries by very different political options and anticipate that global relations can be much more hard by expanding the importance of far-right groups that can show isolationist tendencies. Moreover, it appears that the stableness of the modern planet and its safety are seriously threatened by unparadoxed external interference in the organisation and conduct of elections. Russia is primarily liable for coordinating these activities. They can so be entered in another chapter of the hybrid war with the Western world. Poland, but besides the countries of the European Union, should look closely at, analyse and draw conclusions from these actions in order to be able to make a number of solutions to counter specified interference in the Western countries and not only. An example of the Kremlin's actions and its determination and expanding persistence in their implementation indicate that Moscow will have no brakes to destabilise future electoral processes in different countries worldwide.
